A Study of Chemical Processes Leading to Ozone Losses in the Midlatitude Stratosphere

自1995年7月以来，利用傅立叶变换光谱仪在日本北海道陆别町（43.5 N,143.8 E）观测了平流层痕量物质的垂直柱量。所用光谱仪为Bruker 120m，最高光谱分辨率为0.0035 cm^<-1>。测量了500 ~ 4400 cm^<-1>之间的太阳光谱，得出了平流层中HCl、HF、ClONO_2和O_3的柱量。在日本观测到的长期O_3下降在札幌（43 N）最大。此外，与Pinatubo喷发相关的O_3变化在札幌要比在低纬度地区大得多[Kondo et al., 1995]。在春季，旋涡内的气团偶尔会被输送到陆别上空。由于陆别的纬度接近札幌，对这些物种的测量将使我们更好地理解在43 N观测到的大O_3变化的机制。自1995年7月以来观测到HCl和HF垂直柱量的时间变化。从秋季到冬季，这两个物种的季节变化都有所增加。人们已经发现，这两个物种的日常变化是密切相关的。对流层顶高度的变化也与这些物种的变化密切相关。我们计划获得全年观测的HCl， HF，ClONO_2和O_3的柱量，并对这些值进行化学和运输过程的分析。参考文献：Kondo et al.， 1991 - 1994年日本43 N和36 N平流层臭氧变化，地球物理。Res.Lett, 22岁,3223 - 3226年,1995年。

Vertical column amounts of the stratospheric trace species have been observed using a Fourier transform spectrometer at Rikubetsu (43.5ﾟN,143.8ﾟE), Hokkaido, Japan since July, 1995. The spectrometer used is Bruker 120 M with the highest spectral resolution of 0.0035 cm^<-1>. Solar spectra between 500 and 4400 cm^<-1> have been measured to derive column amounts of HCl, HF,ClONO_2, and O_3 in the stratosphere.Long term O_3 decrease observed in Japan is the largest in Sapporo (43ﾟN). In addition, the O_3 changes associated with the Pinatubo eruption was much larger in Sapporo than at lower latitudes [Kondo et al., 1995]. Occasionally, air masses inside the vortex are transported over Rikubetsu in spring. Because the latitude of Rikubetsu is close to Sapporo, measurements of these species will give us an improved understanding the mechanism of the large O_3 changes observed at 43ﾟN.The temporal variations of HCl and HF vertical column amounts have been observed since July 1995. Both species show seasonal variation increasing from autumn to winter. It has been found that the day-to-day variations of these two species are well correlated. Changes in the tropopause height are also well correlated with the changes of these species. We plan to obtain column amounts of HCl, HF,ClONO_2 and O_3 observed during a whole year period and make analysis of these values in terms of chemical and transport processes.Reference : Kondo et al., Stratospheric ozone changes at 43ﾟN and 36ﾟN over Japan between 1991 and 1994, Geophys. Res.Lett, 22,3223-3226,1995.