Bone remodeling at the interface with biomaterials

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Bone formation and remodeling around implanted materials are influenced by the kinds of materials, surface properties of the materials, anatomical sites of implantation, and the load-bearing condition. In this study, three kinds of materials were implanted into the femoral condyles of dogs, and bone formation and remodeling were observed for 6 months. Uniform thickening of lamellar bones was observed around bead-coated alumina while thick fibrous tissues surrounded by corticalized bones formed around smooth alumina. This distinct difference in remodeling pattern was subjected to mechanical simulation by using finite-element analysis (FEA) . Although stress distribution around bead-coated alumina simulates the bone density, the remodeling pattern around an uncoated implant could not be determined by the stress. To describe the latter remodeling pattern, it is necessary to analyze the strain surrounding the implants.