THE ORIGIN AND PRIMITIVITY OF SUBMARINE CAVE ORGANISMS

海底洞穴生物的起源和原始性

基本信息

批准号：
06454003
负责人：
KASE Tomoki
金额：
$ 4.1万
依托单位：
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY,NATIONAL SCIENCE MUSEUM
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Submarine cave organisms from Naisei and Daito Islands were investigated with the help of some SCUBA diviers. Base on the samples from the submarine caves of these islands as well as those collected from the Oagasasawa, Palau and Philippines Islands, I discussed the primitiveness and origin of the submarine cave organismas with special reference to the molluscs.2. In addition to the unique specific composition, common significant characteristics of the submarine cave bivalves in northwest Pacific are (i) reduced adult shell size (less than 5 mm), (ii) transparent or semi-transparent coloreless shells、(iii) many epifaunal and semi-infaunal species, (iv) many deepwater genera, (v) frequent paedomorphosis by progenetis, and (vi) low fecundity and dominance of brooding.3. Submarine cave gastropods also includes many genera most known from deepwaters. In view of early developnent, submarine cave archaeogastropods shows direct development or short-term swimming larvae, but the meso-and neogastropods are planktotrophic and pelagic larvae, the situation different from the bivalves.4. While the submarine-cave bivalve species seem to be limited mostly to shallow-water, cryptic environments, the submarine-cave gastropods are commonly known from the neighboring deepwater bottoms, suggesting different origins between the two groups.5. The bivalves and gastropods in the submarine caves show shell architectures and life styles that were dominated in Paleozoic and Mesozoic shallow-water bottoms, indicating primitivenes ecologically rather than taxonomically. Infrequent predation in the submarine caves seems to be one of the factors for estaglishing this unique biota, the condition similar to shallow-water marine bottoms before 'Mesozoic Marine Revolution'.

1。在一些潜水师的帮助下，研究了来自Naisei和Daito群岛的海底洞穴生物。我基于这些岛屿海底洞穴的样品以及从Oagasasawa，Palau和菲律宾群岛收集的样品，讨论了海底洞穴有机井的原始性和起源，并特别提及Molluscs.2。除了独特的特异性成分外，西北太平洋海底洞穴双壳类的常见重要特征（i）（i）成人壳的尺寸降低（小于5 mm），（ii）透明或半透明的无贝壳，（iii）许多Esifaunal and Sagifaunal和半含量的物种，（IV）许多深层（IV），（IV）的经常（IV）（iiv）（iv）（iv）（v）（v）（v）（v）经常（v）（v）（v）育雏的繁殖力和主导地位3。海底洞穴腹足动物还包括许多来自深水中最著名的属。鉴于早期的开发人员，海底洞穴库术显示出直接发育或短期游泳幼虫，但中层和新半圆形足类是浮游营养性和骨髓幼虫，情况与双壳不同。4。尽管海底洞穴双壳类物种似乎主要限制在浅水中，而加密环境，但从邻近的深水底部中通常知道海底洞穴腹足动物，这表明这两组之间的起源不同。5。海底洞穴中的双壳类动物和腹足动物显示出以古生代和中生代的浅水底部为主的壳体结构和生活方式，表明生态学上的原始visivenes在生态学上而不是分类。海底洞穴中很少见的捕食似乎是使这种独特的生物群体抗衡的因素之一，这种情况类似于“中生代海洋革命”之前的浅水海洋底部。