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Development of an Active Controlled Stretcher for an Ambulance

救护车主动控制担架的开发

基本信息

批准号：
06555064
负责人：
ISHIHARA Tadashi
金额：
$ 5.38万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06555064/
关键词：
Ambulance Acceleration Antivibration Blood Pressure Active control Ambulance stretcher Experiment DOA 振動シミュレーション

项目摘要

Recently in Japan, a great deal of attention have been paid to the patient's death during ambulance transport before arriving at hospital, called DOA (Dead On Arrival). We consider that a deteriorating factor of the patient's condition during ambulance transport is a relatively poor ride of the ambulance compared with a private car characterized by : vibration, acceleration, and deceleration. To solve the problem, many researches have been made on the design of the stretcher based on the isolation of the ambulance vibration.We have, however, found that the blood pressure of human laying on a stretcher varies during a brake causing foot-to-head acceleration. The blood pressure variation (BPV) especially appears when the ambulance runs through a zigzag or narrow road ; the accelerations or decelerations are repeatedly performed. As the enforced change of the blood pressure may lead to deterioration of patient's condition, it is necessary to use a stretcher to decrease the effect of the foot-to-head acceleration and to reduce the BPV during transport. We have, therefore, worked on the design of the ambulance stretcher from a slightly defferent angle, since no such studies have been done on designing of a stretcher which reduces the BPV.In 1994, we investigated the effect of an actively controlled stretcher (ACS) on the reduction of the BPV by simulation analysis. The simulation results suggest that the ACS can effectively decrease the BPV and comfortably transport the patient. In 1995, we designed an ACS for an ambulance to reduce patient's blood pressure variation, and performed emergency brake tests using the ACS.The experimental results showed that the ACS can effectively decrease the foot-to-head acceleration by continuously controlling the tilying angle of the stretcher under gravity according to back-to-front acceleration of the running ambulance.

最近在日本，人们非常关注病人在救护车运送到医院之前的死亡，称为DOA （Dead On Arrival）。我们认为，在救护车运输过程中，患者病情恶化的一个因素是救护车与私家车相比，乘坐效果相对较差，其特点是：振动、加速和减速。为了解决这一问题，人们对基于救护车振动隔离的担架设计进行了许多研究。然而，我们发现躺在担架上的人的血压在刹车过程中会发生变化，导致脚到头部的加速度。当救护车在曲折或狭窄的道路上行驶时，血压变化（BPV）尤其明显；加速或减速是重复执行的。由于血压的强制变化可能导致患者病情恶化，因此有必要使用担架来减少脚到头加速度的影响，并降低运输过程中的BPV。因此，我们已经从一个稍微不同的角度设计了救护车担架，因为没有这样的研究已经完成了担架的设计，减少了BPV。1994年，我们通过仿真分析研究了主动控制担架（ACS）对降低BPV的影响。仿真结果表明，ACS能有效降低BPV，并能舒适地运输患者。1995年，我们为救护车设计了ACS，以减少病人的血压变化，并使用ACS进行了紧急制动试验。实验结果表明，该系统可以根据救护车行驶时的前后加速度，连续控制担架在重力作用下的倾斜角度，从而有效降低担架的脚到头加速度。