A Fundamental Syntactico-Lexical Study of the System of Construction Types in French

本研究的主要目的是对各种特殊结构的类型进行详细的分析和分类，并得出准确的频率。我们的主要语料库由《世界报》119天的社论组成。以句为单位的例句约3000个，从出现频率来看，最重要的结构是及物结构（1240次，占42%）。特别是，与一个名义上的对象有553次（18%）。带直接宾语和间接宾语的及物结构（a-N/Vinf：92次，de-N/Vinf：45次，N=名词，Vinf=不定式）也很常见，带间接宾语的结构有246个。介词a和de在这里也是值得注意的。代名词动词结构出现了185次，不及物结构（N-V ; V=限定动词）出现了90次。被动的有201次。有意思的是，被动结构与代名词动词结构竞争，定语结构（除带etre的结构外）有104个例子。其中36个有一个无限的berb作为属性。动词etre出现频率很高（415次：14%，除了非人称结构中的etre）。其中，"etre“（包括非人称用法，但不包括辅助用法）的出现次数为493次，超过了16.7%，非人称结构有184例（带il）和69例（带分裂句ce）。253个句子中有147个（=184+69）是带"etre“的句子，有动词核但没有主语功能的句子可以忽略，非动词结构有211个。其中119篇是社论的标题。但是，其余的类型（92次出现）与90个不及物动词的例子相比仍然很频繁。

The principal object of thie research is analyze and classify in detail various sentencial constructions' types and to have exact frequencies. Our main corpus is constituted of 119 days' editorials of the newspaper Le Monde. There are about 3000 examples (sentence as unit).From the point of view of frequency, the most important construction is overwhelmingly that transitivity (1240 occurrences : 42%). Particularly, the ones with a nominal object have 553 occurrences (18%). The transitive constructions with a direct object and an indirect object (a-N/Vinf : 92 occurrences, de-N/Vinf : 45 occurrences, N=noun, Vinf=infinitive) are also frequent.The constructions with an indirect object have 246 examples. The prepositions a and de are, here too, remarquable. The pronominal verb constructions have 185 occurrences.The intransitive construction (N-V ; V=finite verb) has 90 occurrences. The passive ones have 201 occurrences. It is interesting that the passive constructions compete with the pronominal verb constructions.The attributive constructions (except those with etre) have 104 examples. 36 among them have an infinite berb as an attribute. The verb etre is very frequent (415 occurrences : 14%, except etre in impersonal constructions). The total occcurrences of etre (including the impersonal ones but excluding the auxiliary uses) are 493 and exceed 16.7%, which is very impressive.The impersonal constructions have 184 examples (with il) and 69 examples (with ce of cleft sentences). 147 out of 253 (=184+69) are the ones with etre.The constructions with a verbal nucleus but without subject function can be neglected in our corpus.The non-verbal constructions have 211 examples. 119 of them are titles of editorials. But the remaining types (92 occurrences) are nevertheless frequent in comparison, for example, with the 90 intransitive examples.