A study for forest management system and workers in highly industrialized society

1990年的农林普查揭示了国内林业总体萎缩的现实，但在某些领域出现了新的有趣的动向。本课题旨在分析我国林业相关产业经济基础建设的情况，以及我国林业的整体情况。在高度工业化的社会中，农村人口减少和放弃以农业为基础的生活方式，使人工森林的做法难以维持。另一方面，日本许多地区迫切需要维持环境价值和功能的森林处理。在林业活动处于向上转移阶段的地区，如南九州地区（宫崎县和熊本县），由选定的大林主支持的林业合作社作为区域林业的中心发挥着重要作用。此外，来自市政当局的补贴和人力合作也很重要。我们应该说，在国内林业投资的内部回报率如此之低的情况下，要振兴日本所有的林业地区是非常困难的。以流域为单位的森林经营体系将是21世纪日本森林和林业可持续发展的一种可能，下游居民支付一定比例的资金来保护和促进上游森林的多种功能。

Agriculture and forestry census in 1990 revealed the reality of shrinking domestic forestry in the whole, but there were new and interesting movements in some areas. This research project aimed to analyze local efforts for constructing economic basis in forestry related industry as well as entire view of domestic forestry. In the highly industrialized society, depopulation and abandonment of agriculture based life style in rural villages makes it difficult to sustain man-made forest practices. On the other hand, forest treatments for keeping environmental values and functions are urgently in need in many parts of Japan.Where forestry activity is in the stage of upward shifting, like Southern Kyushu Region (Miyazaki and Kumamoto Prefectures), forestry cooperative supported by selected large forest owners play big roles as centers of regional forestry. In addition, subsides and human cooperatiion from municipalities are also important.We should say that it is very hard to revitalize all the forestry regions in Japan, under such low levels of internal rate of return in domestic forestry investment. Forest management system in river basin as a unit will be a possibility to sustain forest and forestry in Japan in the twenty first century, in which downstream citizens would pay certain portion of money to protect and facilitate the multiple functions of upstream forests.