权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

The Process of the Introduction of Kepler's Laws into China

开普勒定律传入中国的过程

基本信息

批准号：
06680073
负责人：
HASHIMOTO Keizo
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
FACULTY OF SOCIOLOGY,KANSAI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present project has dealt with an hitherto unknown manuscript which throws new light on the introduction of Kepler's laws into China. We found the manuscript at the Vatican Library in 1985 and discovered the much longer version at the British Library in 1994. Studying both, we were able to reconstruct the complete work, J.-F.Foucquet's Lifa wenda (Dialogue on Astronomy).A long letter written by Foucquet in 1716, kept at the Jesuit Archive in Rome, gives an account of the circumstances under which he worked on the Lifa wenda between 1712 and 1716. At the time, the Lixiang kaocheng was being compiled by Chinese scholars. However dissensions among Jesuits prevented the former from having any direct impact on the latter.In the Lifa wenda, we find plenty of information concerning recent developments of obervational astronomy in Europe. The global cosmology adopted is that of Tycho Brahe : in this Foucquet followed both Riccioli, the Jesuit astronomer, and Cassini, who worked at the French Royal Academy of Sciences. However, the heliocentric model is mentioned and used several times in the work--fifty years before the French Jesuit Michel Benoist formally introduced it in his Kunyu quantu.The introduction of Kepler's first two laws is certainly a remarkable feature of the Lifa wenda : They are applied only planetary motions, circular orbits being retained for solar and lunar motions. At the same time, Foucquet relies on La Hire's observations, translating his tables, despite the fact that they contradicted Kepler's theories. Foucquet's approach to astronomy, giving more importance to the accuracy of numerical results than to theoretical issues, is essentailly empirical.

本项目处理了一份迄今未知的手稿，为开普勒定律传入中国提供了新的线索。我们于1985年在梵蒂冈图书馆发现了手稿，并于1994年在大英图书馆发现了更长的版本。通过研究两者，我们能够重建完整的作品，J。福凯的《天文学对话》。福凯在1716年写的一封长信，保存在罗马的耶稣会档案馆，信中描述了他在1712年至1716年期间从事《天文学对话》工作的情况。当时，中国学者正在编纂《理想考程》。然而，耶稣会士之间的纠纷阻止了前者对后者产生任何直接影响。在《Lifa wenda》中，我们发现了大量关于欧洲观测天文学最近发展的信息。全球宇宙学采用的是第谷·布拉赫的宇宙学：在这方面，福奎特追随耶稣会天文学家里乔利和卡西尼，后者曾在法国皇家科学院工作。然而，日心说模型在这部著作中被多次提及和使用，比法国耶稣会士米歇尔·贝努瓦在他的《昆玉量子图》中正式引入日心说模型早了50年。开普勒前两个定律的引入无疑是利法文达的一个显著特点：它们只适用于行星运动，太阳和月球的运动则保留了圆形轨道。与此同时，Foucquet依赖于La Hire的观察，翻译他的表格，尽管它们与开普勒的理论相矛盾。Foucquet的方法天文学，给予更重要的准确性数值结果比理论问题，本质上是经验。