Prediction of Viscous Debris Flow and Its Mitigation

粘性泥石流预测及其缓解

• 批准号: 07044144
• 负责人: TAKAHASHI Tamotsu
• 金额: $ 5.44万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07044144/
• 关键词: viscous debris flow; intermittency; mechanics; material property; occurrence condition; deposition; topographical change; countermeasures; 蒋家溝; 地形変動; 発生降雨; 間歇性; 現地観測

The research aimed to make clear the mechanism of flow, the process of occurrence and the method to cope with for the viscous type debris flows. The joint research has been implemented by observing the actial flow in the Jiangjia test field in Yunnan Province, china together with the basic research in the laboratory.Every time when the Japanse staff members visited the test field, the debris flow occurred and the details of the actuality of the flow were grasped. Different from the stony type debris flow, the viscous type debris flows have happened rather long after the intense rainfall and they have appeared as the numerous surges. From these characteristics a conclusion that each surge has been produced by a small scale landslide has deduced.The viscous debris flow used to be explained by the Bingham fluid model that attributed the stoppage of the flow between the successive surges to the yield strength of the material. The data of the observation, however, denied the existence of such a strength, and therefore a new Newtonian fluid model was introduced. The mechanism for supporting concentrated solid particles in the laminar Newtonian fluid was made clear and formulae for deposition velocity of the particles and for the resistance to flow were deduced. Thereby, a numerical simulation of the debris flow became possible.The deatailed survey of the topographical change before and after the debris flow and the examination of the effectiveness of the countermeasures in the actual basins suggested the principle to cope with the viscous debris flows.

本研究旨在弄清粘性泥石流的流动机理、发生过程和应对方法。此次联合研究是通过对云南蒋家试验场的实际水流进行观测，与实验室的基础研究相结合，日方工作人员每次探访试验场时，都会发生泥石流，掌握泥石流现状的细节。与石质泥石流不同的是，粘性泥石流在强降雨后发生的时间较长，并以多次涌流的形式出现。根据这些特征，得出了每次泥石流都是由小范围滑坡产生的结论。粘性泥石流过去用宾汉流体模型解释，该模型将连续涌流之间的水流停止归因于材料的屈服强度。然而，观测数据否认了这种强度的存在，因此引入了一个新的牛顿流体模型。阐明了层流牛顿流体中浓密固体颗粒的支撑机理，推导了颗粒的沉积速度公式和流动阻力公式。通过对泥石流前后地形变化的详细调查，以及对实际流域应对措施有效性的检验，提出了应对粘性泥石流的原则。

项目成果

Suwa, H.Sawada, T.et al.: "Studies on the mechanism of viscous debris flows and countermeasures against them" Annuals of Disaster Prevention Pesearch Institute, Kyoto Univ.No.40 IDNDR S.I.159-166 (1997)

诹访，H.Sawada，T.等：“粘性泥石流机理及其对策的研究”京都大学防灾研究所年刊No.40 IDNDR S.I.159-166（1997）

Takahashi, T.et al.: "Mechanics of the viscous type debris flow (2)--Flume experiments using well-granded sediment mixture--" Annuals of Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto Univ.No.40 IDNDR S.I.173-181 (1997)

高桥T.等：“粘性型泥石流力学(2)--使用大颗粒沉积物混合物的水槽实验--”京都大学防灾研究所年鉴No.40 IDNDR S.I.173-181

Takahashi, T. and Arai, M.: "Mechanism of viscous debris flow" Proc. International Symp. on Natural Disaster Prediction and Mitigation. 231-238 (1997)

Takahashi, T. 和 Arai, M.：“粘性泥石流机制”Proc。

水山 高久・他: "中国雲南省東川市周辺の土石流対策(第2報)" 砂防学会誌. 49.6. 29-33 (1997)

Takahisa Mizuyama 等：“中国云南省东川市周围的泥石流对策（第二次报告）”侵蚀控制学会杂志 49.6（1997）。

Takahashi, T. et al.: "Dynamics of the inertial and viscous debris flows" Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences. 64. 117-143 (1997)

Takahashi, T. 等人：“惯性和粘性泥石流动力学”地球科学讲义。