Prediction of the earthquake-induced landslide distribution and prevention of the secondary hazards

为了发展预测地震分布的方法，本文主要研究内容如下：1.比较了科比地震诱发滑坡的分布和数量，并与其它暴雨型滑坡进行了比较，分析了地下水的作用将地震断层的破坏过程模拟为小震的组合，简单地得到了最大地震动的分布规律; 3.通过大型振动台试验，得到了土层内的加速度、孔隙水压力和滑动面的分布规律。利用有限元方法分析了滑坡的破坏过程; 4.地下雷达系统是一种方便的获取地表土层厚度分布的系统; 5.滑坡产生的沟底沉积物存款可能引发泥石流次生灾害。给出了评价这种可能性的方法，并将其应用于科比地震的实例。6.对土块液化成泥石流的过程进行了数学模型分析，并通过室内实验进行了验证。

Aiming at development of the methods to predict the distribution of the earthquake-induced landslides and to assess the possibility of onset of secondary hazards due to debris flows that caused by the landslides the following investigations have been carried out.1.Distribution and number of the landslides triggered by the Kobe earthquake were compared with the other landslides due to heavy rainfall and the role of the ground water was made clear.2.Modeling the process of destruction of the seismic fault as the combination of small earthquakes, the distribution of the maximum ground motion was simply obtained.3.Distributions of the acceleration, pore-water pressure and the sliding surface within the soil layer were obtained by the experiments using a large-scale shaking table. The process of failure was analyzed by a finite element method.4.The underground radar system was proved to be a handy acqusition system for the distribution of the thicknesses of the surface soil layer that has potential to fail.5.Sediment deposit on the gully bottom produced by the landslide may cause the secondary hazards due to onset of debris flow. The method to assess such a possibility was given and applied to the Kobe earthquake case.6.Liquefaction process of an earth block to a debris flow was analyzed by a mathematical model and it was checked by the laboratory experiments.