Molecular-and Immuno-Biology of Echinococcosis

包虫病和囊虫病是传播于世界各地的慢性难治寄生虫病。这一国际合作项目的主要目的是为这些新出现的寄生虫病的鉴别血清诊断建立更好的解决方案。为此，我们首先采用了免疫印迹法。我们发现了两个先前未被描述的多房棘球绦虫(Em)原头节候选抗原成分，命名为En 18和Em 16，作为泡状棘球绦虫病(AE)特有的血清学诊断标志。已有研究表明，Em18对AE最具特异性，对AE与囊型包虫病、囊虫病等寄生虫病的鉴别诊断有很高的实用价值。相比之下，Em 16现在被认为是Em和细粒棘球绦虫(Eg)的共同抗原。利用部分纯化的Em18/Em16富集组分，我们建立了一种比Em2plus-EL ISA更具特异性的新的Em 18/Em 16富集组分的酶联免疫吸附试验方法，该方法只能在商业上买到。我们的新…Em-18抗体的检测以更多的ELISA法和免疫印迹法是目前最可靠的鉴别诊断方法。利用抗Em 16的单抗，我们刚刚成功地建立了几个产生重组抗原(REm16)的克隆，并揭示了Em 16的DNA序列与已报道的EmII/3抗原的序列相同。在此阶段，我们试图制备抗Em 18的单抗，并建立不污染Em 16的Em 18-EL ISA，用于AE的鉴别血清学诊断。在建立囊虫和囊虫病的鉴别血清学诊断方法的基础上，我们还从猪带绦虫囊液中发现了很好的候选抗原和部分纯化的猪带绦虫囊虫抗原。使用来自最好的大学的大量血清样本，我们评估了来自(A)例如CE和(B)TS的新候选抗原对囊虫病的特异性。强烈建议我们的新的囊虫病、囊虫病和囊虫病候选抗原都是高度可靠的，对流行国家的临床和流行病学研究是有用的。作为一个新的项目，我们将从1997年开始在亚洲国家进行血清流行病学研究。较少

Echinococcosis and cysticercosis are chronic and intractable parasitic diseases spreading all over the world. The main purpose of this international collaboration project was to establish better resolutions for differential serodiagnosis on these emerging parasitic diseases. For this purpose, we used immunoblot assay at first. We found previously undescribed, two candidate antigenic components from protoscolex of Echinococcus multilocularis (Em), designated En 18 and Em 16, as putative serodiagnostic markers unique to alveolar echinococcosis (AE). It has been evaluated that Em 18 is the most specific to AE and highly useful for differentiation of AE from other parasitic diseases including cystic echinococcosis (CE) and cysticercosis. In contrast, Em 16 is now known as shared antigen between Em and E.granulosus (Eg). Using partially purifed Em 18/Em 16 enriched fraction, we have established a new ELISA mthod with better specificity than Em2plus-ELISA,only commercially available. Our new … More ELISA and immunoblot to detect antibody against Em 18 is the most reliable for differential serodiagnosis so far. Using monoclonal antibody against Em 16, we have just succeeded in establishing several clones producing recombinant antigen (rEm16) and revealed that DNA sequence of Em 16 is the same to that of EmII/3 antigen reported previously. At this stage, we are trying to produce monoclonal antibody against Em 18 and establish Em 18-ELISA without contamination of Em 16 for differential serodiagnosis of AE.On the establishment of differential serodiagnosis of CE and cysticercosis, we also have found very good candidate antigens from cyst fluid of Eg and partially purified antigens from cysticerci of Taenia solium (Ts). Using huge number of serum samples from the best colleages, we have evaluated the specificity of new candidate antigens from (a) Eg for CE and (b) Ts for cysticercosis. It is strongly suggested that our new candidate antigens for AE,CE and cysticercosis all are highly reliable and useful for clinical and epidemiological study in endemic countries. We are going to do seroepidemiological study in Asian countries from 1997 as a new project. Less