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Social psychological study of the structure and the functions of material self

物质自我的结构和功能的社会心理学研究

基本信息

批准号：
07301015
负责人：
FUJIHARA Takehiro
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
KWANSEI GAKUIN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07301015/
关键词：
material self cherished possessions materialism 物質主義

项目摘要

This study aimed to explore the structure and functions of material self by measuring the cherished possessions. Our investigation clarified some functions of the cherished possessions in the adaptation process when individuals transit to new environments. The results of our survey indicated that cherished possessions were categorized as action objects and contemplation object. The first refers to the development of self control through unique acts. The second refers to an achievement of selfhood based on conscoius reflection. Male subjects of cherished possessions had more action objects than female and the meaning of action objects is utilitarian and the contemplation objects means memories. Survey of international students indicated that four factors of adjustment were attained : general adjustment, internally controlled adjustment, affiliation adjustment, and externally dependent adjustment. The cherished possessions of international students were books, clothes, passports, and money which relate with utilitarian. These results suggested that cherished possessions with utilitarian function promoted the adjustment of international students. For patients in the hospital, the ratio of necessities in the hospital life and things for the pleasure was high in the cherished possessions. For the aged in the aged institution, the ratio of having the cherished possessions was low. Also we developed the materialism scale which aimed to measure the individual differences of material self and confirmed its validity and reliability.

本研究旨在通过测量珍惜拥有物来探讨物质自我的结构和功能。我们的研究阐明了珍惜的财产在个体过渡到新环境的适应过程中的一些功能。我们的调查结果表明，珍惜的财产被归类为行动对象和沉思对象。第一个是指通过独特的行为发展自我控制。第二种是指在conscius反思的基础上实现自我。男性珍爱对象的行动对象多于女性，行动对象的意义是功利的，而观照对象则是记忆的。通过对留学生的问卷调查，得出了四个适应因素：一般适应、内控适应、归属适应和依赖适应。留学生最珍惜的财产是书籍、衣服、护照和金钱，这些都与功利有关。这些结果表明，具有实用功能的珍惜财产促进了留学生的适应。住院患者的贵重物品中，医院生活必需品和娱乐用品所占比例较高。养老机构中的老人，拥有珍爱财物的比例较低。编制了物质自我个体差异测量量表，并验证了量表的信度和效度。