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Legal Regulations on the New Methods of Criminal Investigation and Evidence

刑事侦查取证新方法法律规定

基本信息

批准号：
07302006
负责人：
INOUYE Masahito
金额：
$ 5.76万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07302006/
关键词：
Warrant Requirements Search and Seizure Interception of Communications Witness Immunity Sting Operation 捜査立証盗聴

项目摘要

Japan has been experiencing a big change in crime situation as the results of rapid scientific, technical developments and highly information-oriented as well as internationalized society those developments have brought about. Especially, organized crime has become diversified, wide-ranged or internationalized, and mechanized. Making use of the highly developed communication system, it has become easier for criminal oraganization to commit crimes with less risk of detection by the law enforcement authorities. There have been many proposals for various coutermeasures against these trends, including the interception of wire and oral communications, the sting operation, and the witness immunity. In this research project, the researchers have examined the possible constitutional and statutory issues associated with those measures through the comparative and theroretical analises, and gained a prospect for the desirable resolution of the problems (PRODUCTS OF RESEARCH Nos.1-6). The basic theoretical framework the researchers have built regarding the constitutional warrant requirements has proved of great use in resolving many legal issues in the conventional Search and seizure (PRODUCTS OF RESEARCH Nos.7-12).The findings of the research have been presented and focused the spotlight of attention at the 74th, 75th, and 76th annual conferences of the Criminal Law Society of Japan on May 25,1996, May 24,1997 and May 23,1998. The researchers believe the research also has made a constructive contribution to the recent discussion on anti-organized crime legislation.

由于科学、技术的迅速发展以及这些发展所带来的高度信息化和国际化的社会，日本的犯罪形势发生了巨大变化。特别是有组织犯罪呈现出多样化、广泛化、国际化、机械化的趋势。利用高度发达的通信系统，犯罪组织实施犯罪变得更加容易，执法当局发现的风险更小。针对这些趋势，已经提出了许多关于各种反措施的建议，包括截取电报和口头通信、诱捕行动和证人豁免权。在本研究项目中，研究人员通过比较和理论分析，研究了与这些措施相关的可能的宪法和法律问题，并获得了解决问题的理想方案的前景（研究成果1 -6）。研究者们所建立的关于宪法搜查证要件的基本理论框架，对于解决传统搜查扣押中的诸多法律的问题具有重要的借鉴意义（研究成果No.7 -12）在5月25日举行的日本刑法学会第74、75、76届年会上，该研究成果被提出，成为关注的焦点。1996年、1997年5月24日和1998年5月23日。研究人员认为，这项研究也为最近关于打击有组织犯罪立法的讨论做出了建设性的贡献。