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Study on the Domestic Implementation of Human Rights Treaties

人权条约国内履行情况研究

基本信息

批准号：
07302010
负责人：
MURAKAMI Masanao
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07302010/
关键词：
International Law International Human Rights Law Human Rights Human Rights Treaties Domestic Implementation

项目摘要

The aims of the human rights treaty can be achieved only by a full realization of the treaty obligations in each State Party. Therefore, a study on the domestic implementation of the treaty concerned is essential for the assessment of effectiveness of international protection of human rights by the treaty. In this study, each of us examines the domestic implementation of treaties in the particular States. The Statea which we take up for this study are the United States of America, France, Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Canada, Australia and Japan.In this study, we can gain new and important knowledge which contributes to the development of a study on International Human Rights Law in Japan. Examples are as follows. (1) Throughout this study, we examine many judicial cases which invoke international human rights treaties in each State, especially those in Germany, United Kingdam, New Zealand and Canada. (2) We can gain the latest information concerning refugee policies in the United States of America and France. (3) We can know the impact of the judgment of European Court of Human Rights on extradition cases in Netherlands. (4) Among the judicial cases in States which adopt a transformation model concerning domestic implementation of treaties, there are some interesting cases which in effect "directly apply" the human rights treaties (in New Zealand and Australia). These cases are insufficiently known in Japan. (5) In the study on Japan, we examine the latest judicial case which invoke human rights treaties and instruments.

人权条约的目标只有在每个缔约国充分履行条约义务的情况下才能实现。因此，对有关条约的国内执行情况进行研究对于评估条约对国际人权保护的有效性至关重要。在这项研究中，我们每个人都审查了特定国家在国内执行条约的情况。我们接受这项研究的国家是美利坚合众国、法国、德国、荷兰、英国、新西兰、加拿大、澳大利亚和日本。在这项研究中，我们可以获得新的和重要的知识，这有助于日本国际人权法研究的发展。示例如下：(1)在整个研究过程中，我们研究了各国援引国际人权条约的许多司法案件，特别是德国、英国、新西兰和加拿大的司法案件。我们可以获得关于美国和法国难民政策的最新信息。(3)可以了解欧洲人权法院判决对荷兰引渡案件的影响。(4)在国内执行条约采取转型模式的国家的司法案例中，有一些有趣的案例实际上“直接适用”人权条约（在新西兰和澳大利亚）。这些病例在日本尚不清楚。(5)在关于日本的研究中，我们审查了援引人权条约和文书的最新司法案件。