Studies on the mechanism of determination and expression of sex in insects

昆虫性别决定和表达机制的研究

• 批准号: 07306019
• 负责人: KOBAYASHI Masahiko
• 金额: $ 3.65万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07306019/
• 关键词: sex determining gene; RAPD; sex chromosome; vitellogenin; egg specific protein; gynandromorph; storage protein; polyploid; 雄雌モザイク; RAPD法; 種間雑種

1. Homologous genes of the sex determining and expressing genes of Drosophila melanogaster, Sxl, tra and dsx, were searched from the genomes of Bombyx mori, Culex tritaeniorhyncus and Musca domestica. Candidate clones of Sxl homologue were found except from B.mori, however, whether they were actually concerned in sex determination or not could not be confirmed.2. Linkage map of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) of B.morigenome was constructed and a few sex-linked and sex-limited RAPDs were found. Nucleotide sequence of these RAPDs were analyzed in order to clarify the structure of sex chromosomes.3. Structure of genes coding proteins which express differently between sexes, such as vitellogenin and vitellogenin receptor of M.domestica, vitellogenin, egg specific protein and storage proteins of B.mori, etc., was analyzed and regulation by endocrine factors or influence of environmental conditions were investigated.4. To investigate the mechanism of sex determination in B.mori, sexual characters of fertility were examined in strains containing translocated sex chromosome and polyploid individuals such as triploid, tetraploid or hexaploid.5. Sex mosaic individuals (gynandromorphs) were produced in a B.mori strain which contains a mutation affecting gonadal development and structure of gonads or developmental feature of germ cells of them were examined.6.Inter specfic hybrids between Antheraea yamamai and A.pernyiwere raised and female sterility in F1 of the crossing A.y. female x A.p. male which caused by deficient egg development was confirmed.

1.从家蚕、三带喙库蚊和家蝇的基因组中寻找与果蝇性别决定和表达基因Sxl、tra和dsx同源的基因。除B.mori外，其他的Sxl同源基因的候选克隆均被发现，但它们是否与性别决定有关尚不能确定.构建了B. mori基因组的随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）连锁图谱，发现了一些伴性和限性RAPD，并对这些RAPD进行了核苷酸序列分析，以阐明性染色体的结构.编码两性间表达差异蛋白质的基因的结构，如家蚕的卵黄蛋白原和卵黄蛋白原受体，家蚕的卵黄蛋白原、卵特异蛋白和贮藏蛋白等，分析了内分泌因素的调节或环境条件的影响.为探讨家蚕性别决定的机制，对性染色体易位的家蚕品系和三倍体、四倍体、六倍体等多倍体个体的育性性状进行了研究. B.培育了天蚕与柞蚕的种间杂种，并在杂交F1中获得了雌性不育性。证实了由卵发育缺陷引起的雌性x A.p.雄性。

项目成果

Abe H,Shimada T et al.: "Nucleotide sequence of the random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)on the W chromosome of the silkworm,Bombyx mori(Lepidoptera:Bombycidae)." Applied Entomology and Zoology. 31・4. 633-637 (1996)

Abe H、Shimada T 等：“家蚕 W 染色体上的随机扩增多态性 DNA (RAPD) 的核苷酸序列。应用昆虫学和动物学 633-637。” (1996)

K. Hashido, et al.: "Favorite site for recombination of a defective non LTR retrotransposon, BMC1." J. Cell. Biochem.(in press). (1996)

K. Hashido 等人：“有缺陷的非 LTR 反转录转座子 BMC1 最喜欢的重组位点。”

Ohbayashi F,Abe H,Shimada T et al.: "A common random amplified polymorphic DNA in the silkworm, Bombyx mori is shared by W chromosomes onto which the normal marking, Sable and Black genes are translocated respectively." Journal of Sericultural Science of

Ohbayashi F、Abe H、Shimada T 等人：“家蚕中常见的随机扩增多态性 DNA，由 W 染色体共享，正常标记、Sable 和 Black 基因分别易位到该染色体上。”

H. Maekawa, et al.: "The Chromatin condensation could prevent expression of non-LTR retrotransposon, RlBm, inserted into 28S rRNA region of rDNA." J. Cell. Biochem.(in press). (1996)

H. Maekawa 等人：“染色质浓缩可以阻止插入 rDNA 28S rRNA 区域的非 LTR 逆转录转座子 RlBm 的表达。”

Fujikawa K,Kawaguchi Y,Banno Y,Koga K and Doira H: "Yolk of a "scanty vitellin" mutant,vit,of Bombyx mori is lacking in vitellin and 30kDa proteins." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. 112. 407-415 (1995)

Fujikawa K、Kawaguchi Y、Banno Y、Koga K 和 Doira H：“家蚕‘缺乏卵黄蛋白’突变体 vit 的卵黄缺乏卵黄蛋白和 30kDa 蛋白。”