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Molecular neuroendocrine basis of spawning migration in salmon

鲑鱼产卵洄游的分子神经内分泌基础

基本信息

批准号：
07404046
负责人：
ANDO Hironori
金额：
$ 24.06万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The spawning migration is a kind of innate behavior which is essential for successful reproduction in salmon. To realize a genetic program of the behavior. we have examined molecular basis of neuro-endocrine mechanisms of salmon migration. Our research has been focused mainly on the following three points ; 1)Changes in expression levels of hypothalamic and pituitary hormone genes during spawning migration, 2)Structural analysis of the neurohormone genes. 3)Roles of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the control of spawning behavior. The results of this project are summarized as follows.1. The levels in neurohypophysial hormone (NH) mRNAs decrease in the pre-spawning females. The sexual dimorphic expression of the NH genes suggests that the NH may be involved in reproductive behavior as well as osmotic regulation in the homing salmon. The gonadal and adrenocortical stroid hormones may be concerned in the control of the NH gene expression.2. The expression of salmon GnRH (sGnRH) gene in the preoptic area increases during final maturation. The 5' upstream regions of the two sGnRH genes (sGnRH-I and-II) are distinctively divergent. The expression of gonadotropin alpha and IIbeta genes also. increases temporally in the final maturation, and is stimulated by the administration of genre.3. The adminiatration of GnRH shortens duration of the homing migration. The GnRH may play roles in the stimulation of not only gonadal maturation but also migratory behavior.The molecular neuroendocrine basis of spawning migration is considered to be mostly established at present. In the new project ''Moleclular neuroendocrine regulation of spawning migration in salmon", which is supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, further investigations on the molecular mechanisms of neurohormone action in the control of salmon spawning migration will be progressively done.

产卵洄游是鲑鱼成功繁殖所必需的一种先天行为。以实现行为的遗传程序。我们研究了鲑鱼洄游的神经内分泌机制的分子基础。本研究主要集中在以下三个方面：1）产卵洄游过程中下丘脑和垂体激素基因表达水平的变化; 2）神经激素基因的结构分析。3)促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）在控制产卵行为中的作用。本项目的研究成果总结如下：1.神经垂体激素（NH）mRNA的水平在产卵前的女性下降。NH基因的性二态表达表明，NH可能参与生殖行为，以及在归巢鲑鱼的渗透调节。性腺和肾上腺皮质类固醇激素可能与NH基因表达的控制有关。2.鲑鱼GnRH（sGnRH）基因在视前区的表达在最终成熟过程中增加。两个sGnRH基因（sGnRH-I和sGnRH-II）的5'上游区明显不同。促性腺激素α和II β基因的表达也。在最终成熟时暂时增加，并且通过给予genre来刺激。GnRH的施用缩短了归巢迁移的持续时间。促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）不仅对性腺成熟起刺激作用，而且对产卵洄游行为也起刺激作用，产卵洄游的分子神经内分泌基础目前已基本建立。在“鲑鱼产卵洄游的分子神经内分泌调节”的新项目中，将逐步对神经激素作用在控制鲑鱼产卵洄游中的分子机制进行进一步调查，该项目得到特别促进研究补助金的支持。