Molecular Ecological Studies for Bioremediation of Aquatic Environments by Killing Factors and/or Self-Death-Inducing Factors from Microorganisms

通过微生物的杀伤因子和/或自死亡诱导因子对水生环境进行生物修复的分子生态学研究

• 批准号: 07406010
• 负责人: NAKAHARA Hiroyuki
• 金额: $ 20.54万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07406010/
• 关键词: red tide; algicidal bacteria; marine virus; 16SrDNA; RFLP; Heterosigma akashiwa; Gymnodinium mikimotoi; Alexanbdrium tamarense; Heterosigama akashiwa; Gymnodinium mikimotoi; 海洋性ウィルス; Heterosigma akashiwo; Gymnodinium属; Heterosigma属; 海洋ウィルス /

We enumerated the microorganisms which killed the noxious red tide phytoplankton Heterosigma akashiwo (raphidophyceae) and Gymnodinium mikimotoi, (dinophyceae) ハ during their blooms which occurred in Hiroshima Bay and Uranouchi Bay or Tanabe Bay, Japan, in 1995 and 1996, using the MPN method.At every sampling site in Hiroshima Bay in both years, the rapid increase of the algicidal microorganisms in the seawater fractions less than 0.8mm was observed at the termination period of the blooms. Because the seawater fraction less than 0.2mm fluctuated poorly related to the extinction of H.akashiwo blooms, the algicidal bacteria may play the leading part in the termination of the bloom. We could isolate many strains of H.akashiwo-killing bacteria (HAKB) during the blooms. The number of algicidal bacteria against Chattonella antiqua were one or two order of magnitude lower than that of HAKB.Therefore it is suggested that the population dynamics of algicidal bacteria may have a close relationsh … More ip to the blooms of the phytoplankton. In marine ecosystem, algicidal bacteria against specific phytoplankton seem to regulate the change of structure of phytoplankton communities.Several strains of the marine bacteria which killed G.mikimotoi were silated during the occurrenece of the huge red tide of G.mikimotoi in Tanabe Bay. Among them the strains belonged to the genus Vibrio, Flavobacterium, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas-Alteromonas. The fact that all of them grew in filtered natural seawater without any nutrient supplements suggested that the killing bacteria are ubiquitous in seawter and are related to the occurrence of G.mikimotoiopportunistically. Most of the killing bacteria did not affect the growth of three marine diatoms, Skeletonema costatum, Ditylum brighwelli and Thalassiosira sp., and some of them did not affect the growth of the Alexandrium catenella.A bacterium, Flavobacterium sp.5N-3, obtained from sawater after the disappearance of a noxious G.mikimotoi red tide in Uranouchi Bay showed a drastic algicidal effect on this species in particular, while it had no effects on other red tide plankton of Skeketonem costatum, Heterosigma akashiwo, and chattonella anitiqua.These results suggest that bacteria with species-specific inhibitory effects play an importnat role on the succession of phytoplankton community and algal blooming could be prevented by using such microbes as a "microbial pesticide". Less

我们列举了微生物，这些微生物杀死了有害的红潮浮游生物异质化Akashiwo（Raphidophyceae）和Mikimotoi（dinophyceae）在其血液中（dinophyceae），它们在Hirishima Bay和Uranouchi Bay或Tanabe Bay，日本，1995年，在他们的血液期间，使用了1995年，均为1995年，ins in same in n ins same ins in in ins in in in ins in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in of日本。在两年中，海水馏分中藻类微生物的迅速增加小于0.8mm。由于海水分数小于0.2毫米的波动与H.akashiwo血液的扩展相关，因此藻类细菌可能在开花的终止中起着领先作用。我们可以在血液中分离出许多H.akashiwo杀伤细菌（HAKB）的菌株。针对Chattonella antiqua的藻类细菌的数量比HAKB低一个或两个数量级。因此，建议藻类细菌的种群动力学可能与浮游植物的血液具有密切的关系。在海洋生态系统中，针对特异性浮游植物的藻类细菌似乎调节了浮游植物群落结构的变化。在G.Mikimotoi在Tanabe Bay的G.Mikimotoi巨大的红色潮汐中，海洋细菌的几个海洋细菌菌株被丧失了G.Mikimotoi。其中，菌株属于纤维属，黄杆菌，活杆菌和假单胞菌 - 分析瘤。它们所有人都在没有任何营养补充剂的没有任何营养补充剂的自然海水中生长，这一事实表明，杀伤细菌在海水中无处不在，并且与G.Mikimotoiopportunisisctionalissionallist中的发生有关。大多数杀戮细菌都不会影响三种海洋硅藻的生长，骨架costatum，ditylum brigwelli和thalassiosira sp。，其中一些不影响Alexandrium catenella.a catenella.a sp.5n-3的细菌，从海滩上散发出了notakious of bardii bely，beach s sp.5n-3均散发出了何种偶然的海滩。尤其是对该物种的剧烈化度作用，虽然对其他红潮浮游生物没有影响农药”。较少的

项目成果

Y.Ishida et al: "Algal Blooms,and Toxins" Progress in Microbial Ecology, 568 (1997)

Y.Ishida 等人：“藻华和毒素”微生物生态学进展，568 (1997)

Y.Ishida et al.: "Algal Blooms,and Toxins" Progress in Microbial Ecology, 568 (1997)

Y.Ishida 等人：“藻华和毒素”微生物生态学进展，568 (1997)

吉永 郁生: "赤潮の動態に関わる従属栄養細菌の分子生態学的研究" 日本水産学会誌. 63. 502-505 (1997)

吉永郁夫：“参与赤潮动态的异养细菌的分子生态学研究”日本水产学会杂志 63. 502-505 (1997)。

A.Uchida et al.: Environmental and Bioligical Chemistry of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate and Related Sulfonium Compounds. Plenm Press New York, 364 (1996)

A.Uchida 等人：二甲基磺酰基丙酸盐和相关锍化合物的环境和生物化学。

Yoshinaga, I. et al.: "Distribution and fluctuation of bacteria inhibiting the growth of a marine red tide phytoplankton Gymnodinium mikimotoi in Tanabe Bay (Wakayama Pref., Japan)" Fisheries Science. 61. 780-786 (1995)

Yoshinaga, I. 等人：“抑制田边湾（日本和歌山县）海洋赤潮浮游植物 Gymnodinium mikimotoi 生长的细菌的分布和波动”渔业科学。