ECOHAB: Algicidal Bacteria and the Regulation of Gymnodiniumbreve Blooms in the Gulf of Mexico

ECOHAB：墨西哥湾的杀藻细菌和裸甲藻水华的调节

• 批准号: 9726260
• 负责人: Gregory Doucette
• 金额: $ 16.39万
• 依托单位: Medical University of South Carolina
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-01 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9726260&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ECOHAB; Algicidal; Bacteria; Regulation; Gymnodiniumbreve

Blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve occur in coastal waters throughout much of the Gulf of Mexico, but are especially problematic along the Florida coast where these annual events last at least 3 months and exact a large toll on the regional economy with losses estimated at about $20 million per episode. The current project is aimed at beginning to elucidate the role of algicidal bacteria in promoting the decline and dissipation of G. breve red tides along the Florida Gulf coast. The hypothesis that algicidal bacteria specific for G. breve are present in microbial assemblages indigenous to the Florida Gulf coast is tested using a straightforward, previously successful, approach which involves isolating bacteria that prohibit or interfere with the growth of G. breve. Isolation media used select for bacteria requiring G. breve derived organics, a characteristic of several previously described algicidal bacteria. A formulation supporting growth of bacterial strain 5N 3, a strain lethal to G. breve is also tested. Bacterial isolates with algicidal activity specific for G. breve are characterized with classical and molecular techniques. The latter will provide small subunit (ssu) rRNA sequence data, which will be used during a follow up study to design and develop oligonucleotide probes for these bacterial strains. The work proposed herein represents the first attempt to investigate the association between algicidal bacteria and HABs in U.S. waters. This project is anticipated to result in the isolation and identification of a bacterial strain(s) which inhibits specifically the growth of the Florida red tide dinoflagellate, G. breve. Sequencing of the ssu rRNA gene and the subsequent development of rRNA probes will provide a means by which to track populations of these bacteria in controlled (e.g., mesocosms) as well as natural systems, and thus to better assess their involvement in promoting bloom decline. Finally, the knowledge gained from this study is an essential first step in critically evaluating the potential use of algicidal bacteria as a means of controlling or regulating HABs, a process currently underway in other countries severely impacted by algal blooms (e.g., Japan)

在墨西哥湾的大部分沿海沃茨都发生了有毒甲藻短裸藻的水华，但沿着佛罗里达海岸尤其成问题，在那里这些年度事件至少持续3 这场风暴持续了数月，对该地区经济造成了巨大损失，估计每起事件造成的损失约为2000万美元。本项目旨在阐明溶藻细菌在促进G.佛罗里达湾沿岸沿着出现了短暂的赤潮。因此，对G.短杆菌存在于佛罗里达墨西哥湾沿岸的微生物群落中，使用一种简单的、以前成功的方法进行了测试，该方法包括分离禁止或干扰短杆菌生长的细菌。短音符。所用分离培养基选择需要G.短衍生有机物，这是几种先前描述的溶藻细菌的特征。一种支持细菌菌株5N3生长的制剂，该菌株对G.也被测试过。具有杀藻活性的细菌分离物对G.用经典和分子技术表征短肽。后者将提供小亚基（ssu）rRNA序列数据，这些数据将用于后续研究，以设计和开发这些细菌菌株的寡核苷酸探针。 本文提出的工作代表了第一次尝试调查溶藻细菌和有害生物之间的关联在美国沃茨。本项目有望分离和鉴定出一株能特异性抑制佛罗里达赤潮甲藻G.短音符。ssu rRNA基因的测序和随后开发的rRNA探针将提供一种在受控环境中追踪这些细菌种群的方法（例如，生态系统（中型生态系统）以及自然系统，从而更好地评估它们在促进水华减少方面的作用。最后，从这项研究中获得的知识是关键的第一步，可以严格评估使用溶藻细菌作为控制或调节有害藻华的手段的可能性，这一过程目前正在受到藻华严重影响的其他国家进行（例如，日本）的