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The Effects of Vegetation and Agricultural Land use of a Watershed on Water Quality

流域植被和农业用地利用对水质的影响

基本信息

批准号：
07406015
负责人：
KIKUCHI Takao
金额：
$ 13.89万
依托单位：
Gifu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07406015/
关键词：
watershed water quality vegetation agricultural land use grassland purification climate topography

项目摘要

Effects of vegetation and land use status on water quality were investigated for several watersheds in central Japan. Stream water was sampled along a small tributary of a branch, the Hida River, of the Kiso River, and that of the Namai River, a branch of the Jintsu River. Grassland used for cattle grazing are located in the source areas of the watershed of both tributaries. High concentration of total nitrogen was found during the grazing period free from snow cover. The level became low during grazing-free period. The highest level of total nitrogen was found at the uppermost stream and it decreased downstream. This result suggests a purification effect of vegetation on water quality. Field measurements were conducted along the upper streams of the Hida River to examine the mechanisms of such water purification. Extent of the brown forest soil, extent of the evergreen conifer forest, forest volume per unit area and volume increment were significant as factors affecting the concentration of total nitrogen : concentration was decreased with the increase of the values of these factors concerned with vegetation and its environment. Especially, forest volume and its increment were closely related in the amount of total nitrogen in the stream water.Further measurement was conducted along the Aratagawa River in Gifu City to examine material run-off from a watershed in relation to a land use change following urbanization. The result suggested that run-off was affected by not only the area extent of each land use type but also their spatial arrangement within the watershed.

研究了日本中部几个流域植被和土地利用状况对水质的影响。溪水是沿着基索河（Kiso River）的一条支流Hida河（Hida River）和金苏河（jinsu River）的一条支流Namai河的一条小支流采集的。用于放牧的草地位于两条支流的分水岭源区。在无积雪的放牧期，总氮浓度较高。在不放牧期间，水平逐渐降低。总氮含量以上游最高，下游降低。这说明植被对水质有净化作用。沿着飞驒河上游进行了实地测量，以检查这种水净化的机制。褐林土壤面积、常绿针叶林面积、单位面积森林体积和体积增量是影响全氮浓度的显著因子，随植被及其环境相关因子值的增加，全氮浓度呈降低趋势。特别是森林体积及其增量与河流水体中总氮量密切相关。进一步的测量沿着岐阜市的Aratagawa河进行，以检查与城市化后土地利用变化相关的流域物质径流。结果表明，流域径流量不仅受各土地利用类型面积的影响，还受其空间布局的影响。