Viscosity Measurement and Relaxation Mechanism of Glasses Far Below the Glass Transition Temperature.

人们普遍相信，在玻璃下面的玻璃过渡温度中，可见的流动永远不会发生变化，因为任何原子或分子运动都是冻结的。无论如何，体积收缩或水晶化都被观察到玻璃过渡温度以下。在目前的研究中，我们提出了在过渡温度以下范围内10^<14>-10 ^<18>Pa·s以下的视觉测量新方法。0.1毫米直径的玻璃纤维在过渡范围以下的温度处受伤并保持不变。通过测量残留的曲线辐射后，热治疗是热治疗时间的一个功能，可见性是确定的。由于玻璃是热的非均衡状态和属性取决于热历史的属性，所以它不是内在的价值。如果添加玻璃，应作为纤维弹性物质进行治疗，玻璃纤维在视觉测量前的各种温度和时间上加热，以及低温下的放松过程是根据热处理变化的非长期放松功能进行分析的。它发现了一种明显的视觉和放松时间，因为它很好，可以通过热治疗显著地增加放松能量。这种放松的光谱变得狭窄而锐利。在补充中，它试图分离延迟弹性和模糊流动的贡献。

It is generally believed that viscous flow never occurs in a glass below glass transition temperature because of rigid state in which atomic or molecular motions are frozen. However, volume shrinkage or crystallization have been observed even below the glass transition temperature.In the present study, we proposed the new method of viscosity measurement far below the transition temperature in the range of 10^<14>-10^<18> Pa・s. The glass fiber of 0.1 mm diameter was wound and kept at temperatures far below the transition range. By measuring the remained curvature radius after the heat treatment as a function of the heat treatment time, the viscosity was determined. The viscosity thus determined is not an intrinsic value since the glass is thermodynamically non-equilibrium state and the properties depend on thermal history. In addition a glass should be treated as a viscoelastic substance.The glass fiber was heated with various temperatures and times before viscosity measurement, and the relaxtion process at low temperature was analyzed based on the non-lonear relaxation function from the viscosity change with heat-treatment. It was found that the apparent viscosity and relaxation time as well as the activation energy for relaxation increase remarkably with heat-treatment. The relaxation spectrum becomes narrow and sharp. In addition, it was tried to separate the contributions of delayd elasticity and viscous flow.