Development of Time and Space Resolved 2-Dimensional Penning Ionization Electron Spectroscopy

在本研究计画中，我们利用时间分辨成像技术，发展了一套新的研究光及潘宁电离光谱的装置。沿着新的实验系统的开发，我们还将碰撞能量分辨Penning电离光谱应用于各种分子，包括有机分子、过渡金属-分子络合物和非挥发性分子。在新的实验装置的开发方面，我们构建了一个用于各种团簇及其离子的光-Penning电离光谱的装置。该装置由五个不同真空室组成：（1）激光蒸发团簇离子源，（2）用于团簇离子质量分离的飞行时间质谱仪，（3）磁瓶式电子能量分析仪，（4）用于产生稀有气体亚稳原子束的喷嘴放电源，（5）用于产生纯亚稳束和脉冲亚稳束的部分。我们已经开始了选择性团簇负离子的激光光电子能谱实验。首先对硅团簇负离子Si_n的飞行时间质谱仪和磁瓶光电子能量分析仪进行了性能检测。其次，利用该技术研究了铜团簇与NO分子的反应体系。特别地，发现Cu_2N^-离子至少有两种不同的异构体：一种是与N原子弱键合的Cu_2^-结构，另一种是与N原子紧键合的结构。在磁瓶电子能谱仪上进行了成像检测。发现光电子图像是从原始图像放大了近7倍的图像，这与预测的结果几乎一致。最后，我们现在正在优化新的亚稳态原子束的性能。优化后，我们就可以进行团簇的Penning电离光电子能谱实验了。

In this research project, we have developed a new apparatus for the study of photo-and Penning ionization spectroscopy by utilizing time-resolved imaging technique. Along with the development of a new experimental system, we also applied collision-energy-resolved Penning ionization spectroscopy to various molecules including organic molecules, transition metal-molecule complexes, and nonvolatile molecules.As for the development of a new experimental apparatus, we construced an apparatus for the photo-and Penning ionization spectroscopy of various clusters and their ions. The apparatus consists of five-differentially evacuated chambers : (1) laser vaporization cluster ion source, (2) time-of-flight mass spectrometer for the mass-separation of the cluster ions, (3) magnetic-bottle-type electron energy analyzer, (4) nozzle discharge source for the production of rare-gas metastable atom beam, and (5) part for the production of pure and pulsed metastable beam. We have started experiment of the laser photoelectron spectroscopy of size-selected cluster negative ions. First we the checked performance of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer and the magnetic-bottle photoelectron energy analyzer for the silicon cluster negative ions, Si_n. Next the system of copper clusters reacted with NO molecules are investigated by this technique. Especially, the Cu_2N^- ions are found to have at least two different isomers : one has a structure of Cu_2^- with which an N atom is weakly bound, and another has a tightly bound structure. The imaging detection was also carried out in the magnetic-bottle electron spectrometer. The photoelectron image are found to be the one magnified almost 7 times from the original, which was a result almost as predicted. Finally, we are now optimizing the performance of the new metastable atomic beam. After this optimization, we can start the experiment of Penning ionization photoelectron spectroscopy of clusters.