A NEW DEVELOPMENT OF COMPATATIVE METHOD IN ECOLOGY

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Validity of comapative methods that use phylogenetic information under incomplete phylogenetic information was examined by computer simulation. Independent contrast method, higher taxon averaging method, within-taxon comparison method were tested. All the methods were not free from the incompleteness of phylogenetic information. Independent contrast method used the information most effectively. The effect of incompleteness of phylogenetic information was large in independent contrast method and derived the higher rate of type 1 error.For independent contrast method, the effect of intraspecific variation was examined. The rate of type 1 error was affected by the pattern of intraspecific variation. The variation of sample size in each species had the similar effect with intraspecific variation. Correction using the amount of intraspecific variation was effective only under the case where the amount of intraspecific variation was known from another large sample. The variation in evolutionary rate had the similar effect with intraspecific variation. The programs developed for the simulation was also useful in data analysis.