Behavioral compensation and neural plastisity of animals after sensory deprivations.

感觉剥夺后动物的行为补偿和神经可塑性。

• 批准号: 07640903
• 负责人: KANOU Masamichi
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Ehime University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07640903/
• 关键词: cricket; cercus; air-current sense; escape behavior; giant interneuron; compensation; directional sensitivity

Directional sensitivities and intensity-response relations of 6 types of air current sensitive giant interneurons (GIs 8-1,9-1,9-2,9-3,10-2 and 10-3) of the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus, were confirmed. These response properties of each GI were formed by an excitatory and inhibitory connections between cercal sensory filiform hairs with particular directionalities. GIs 8-1,9-1 and 9-2 in the unilaterally cercal ablated adult crickets showed functional compensation 21 days after the ablation. Those compensations were direction dependent, i.e.some of the compensational changes were observed only when the stimulus was applied from particular directions. Compensational recoveries after the unilateral cercal ablation was also investigated during the postembryonic development. The degree of the change was dependent on the duration of the sensory deprivation to some extent.The wind-evoked escape behavior was investigated by using a quantitatively controlled short duration air current stimulus (air-puff). To the standard air-puff stimulus (3.0m/s in peak velocity), normal adult crickets showed 50-60% response rate and the direction of the escape was almost 180ﾟopposite from the stimulus source. After the unilateral cercal ablation, the response rate became small and the orientation of the escape became incorrect. However, both response rate and escape direction showed compensational changes. The response rate showed significant recovery about 6 days after the ablation. On the other hand, 14 days were necessary for the recovery of the escape orientation. Information processing for the response rate and for the behavioral orientation are likely being progressed in defferent neural pathways.

确定了蟋蟀GIS8-1、9-1、9-2、9-3、10-2、10-3、10-2和10-3等6种巨型气流敏感型中间神经元的方向敏感性和强度-反应关系。每个GI的这些反应特性是由颈部感觉丝状毛发之间具有特定方向的兴奋性和抑制性联系形成的。单侧宫颈切除成年蟋蟀GIS8-1、9-1和9-2在消融21d后出现功能代偿。这些补偿是方向相关的，也就是说，只有在从特定方向施加刺激时，才能观察到一些补偿变化。在胚胎后发育期间，还研究了单侧宫颈切除后的代偿恢复情况。这种变化的程度在一定程度上取决于感觉剥夺的持续时间。采用定量控制的短时气流刺激(Air-Puff)来研究风致逃逸行为。正常成年蟋蟀对标准吹气刺激(峰值速度为3.0m/S)的反应率为50-60%，逃逸方向与刺激源相反约180ﾟ。单侧宫颈消融后，反应变小，逃逸方向不正确。然而，应答率和逃逸方向均出现代偿性改变。消融后6d左右有效率明显恢复。另一方面，逃逸定向的恢复需要14天。反应速度和行为取向的信息处理可能是在不同的神经通路中进行的。

项目成果

加納正道: "Analysis of air-current evoked escape behavior of the cricket." Zoological Science. 12. 100 (1995)

Masamichi Kano：“气流诱发蟋蟀逃逸行为的分析。动物学科学”12. 100 (1995)。

南 直人: "Effects of cercal ablations during post embryonic development on response properties of cricket giant interneurons" Zoological Science. 13;sup.118 (1996)

Naoto Minami：“胚胎后发育过程中尾部消融对蟋蟀巨型中间神经元反应特性的影响”《动物学科学》13；sup.118（1996）。

Matsuura, T.and Kanou, M.: "Functional recovery of cricket giant interneurons after cercal ablations." Zoological Science. 15 : (in press). (1998)

Matsuura, T. 和 Kanou, M.：“蟋蟀巨型中间神经元在宫颈消融后的功能恢复。”

Shimozawa, T., Kanou, M., Kanwal, J.S.and Suga, N.: "Correlated activity between delay-tuned neurons in the FM-FM area of the auditory cortex of the mustached bat in very limited." Proceedings of the 10th Symposium of Biological and Physiological Engineer

Shimozawa, T.、Kanou, M.、Kanwal, J.S. 和 Suga, N.：“小胡子蝙蝠听觉皮层 FM-FM 区域的延迟调谐神经元之间的相关活动非常有限。”

Kanou, M.: "Directionality of cricket giant interneurons to escape eliciting unidirectional air-current." Zoological Science. 13. 35-46 (1996)

Kanou, M.：“板球巨型中间神经元的方向性逃逸引起单向气流。”