A study on teaching methods of nursing nursing arts in fundamental nursing

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The communication skills and the problem solving skills are important nursing arts in the clinic. However, these skills have not been emphasized in fundamental nursing education. We think fundamental nursing arts consist of four areas such as communication skills, problem solving skills, treatment skills and helping skills on ADL.We have to update our teacing methods in nursing education.The purpose of this study is to clarify teaching content and teaching methods about the above 4 nursing skills. We did research in 3 steps. The first step is to survey actual behavior of clinical staff. The second step is to clarify the elements of 4 nursing skills. The third step is to explore appropiate teaching methods based on the analysis on survey results.Results : based on the analysis of clinical experienced nurses, we found the helping skills on ADL consisted of 3 elements. These elements are nursing behavior related to specific needs for patients in critical condition, nursing behavior related to the prevention of bed sores, and explanation of informed consent and protection of patient privacy. We also have to included these elements into the process of teacing nursing arts. The results of the problem solving skills included the following. In the assessment phase we found the following elements ; interview technique, observation technique, physical assessment. In the nursing diagnosis phase we found that choosing relevant data, interpreting the data, correct or incorrect judgment, the relationship between data, and checking definitions, defining characteristics and related factors. We should train nursing students in convergent thinking to enable them to focus on a specific diagnosis by using these elements.The research on treatment skills and communication skills is currently undergoing analysis. These topics were reported on the 16th Conference in the journal of Japan Academy of Nursing Sciences 1996.