Theoretical and Field Studies on Environmantal Ethics as Science and Technology Ethics

在以人类与自然相关的活动为基础的新型环境伦理视野中，包括现代科学技术和传统生存技术在内的技术社会模式之路将成为一个中心课题。换句话说，科技伦理将是重要的。因此，从科学技术哲学的角度进行研究对于环境伦理研究是必不可少的。作为分析技术社会模式的理论框架，我提出了一种新的理论，称为“社会联系理论”，其中讨论了社会经济联系和文化精神联系两种联系的网络阶段。此外，在理论框架中研究“次要生存”技术的特征将非常有效。目前看来，捕鲸技术不足以检验这一理论框架。因为在短期内，捕鲸技术的历史资料显然缺乏研究这个问题的能力。与“自然权利”相关的诉讼案例更适合和重要，其中“小生存”技术案例更能有效地研究这些问题。然后，对鹿儿岛县奄ami-oshima （Tatsugo镇）和长崎县Isahaya Bay这两个诉讼案例进行了审查。对新的现代发展技术进行了审查，并将其与每个地区传统上培育的“次要生存”技术进行了比较。诉讼中所倡导的“自然权利”概念与西方社会环境伦理学中的“自然权利”概念不同。它可以成为环境伦理学新框架的理论基础。

In perspective for the new type of environment ethics based in the human activities related with nature, the way of social modes of technology, which is included science and technology in modem age and traditional subsistence technology, will become a central subject. In other words, science and technology ethics will be important. Then, the research from the point of view in the philosophy of science and technology is indispensable for the environment ethics research. As the theoretical framework to analyze the social modes of technology, I advocated a new theory called 'theory of social linkages", in which the phases of the networks of two kinds of linkages are discussed, socio-economical linkages and cultural-spiritual linkages. Furthermore, it will be very effective to study the characteristics of "minor subsistence" technologies to be examined in the theoretical framework.It has been appeared that whaling technologies is inadequacy in present to examine this theoretical framework. Because historical materials in whaling technologies is decisively lacking to study this problem in short term. The cases of the lawsuits related 'The rights of nature" are more suited and important for this purpose, m which cases "minor subsistence" technologies are more effective to study these issues. Then, the two cases of the lawsuit were examined, Amami-oshima Island (Tatsugo town), Kagoshima Pref and Isahaya Bay, Nagasaki Pref. The new modem technologies for development were examined and compared with "minor subsistence" technologies that have been fostered traditionally in each area. The concept of "the right of the nature" advocated in the lawsuits is differs from the concept in the environment ethics in the western society. And it can become a theoretical base of the new framework of environment ethics.