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Theoretical and Field Studies on Environmantal Ethics as Science and Technology Ethics

作为科技伦理的环境伦理的理论与田野研究

基本信息

批准号：
07680084
负责人：
KITOH Shuichi
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (1997)Aomori Public College (1995-1996)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In perspective for the new type of environment ethics based in the human activities related with nature, the way of social modes of technology, which is included science and technology in modem age and traditional subsistence technology, will become a central subject. In other words, science and technology ethics will be important. Then, the research from the point of view in the philosophy of science and technology is indispensable for the environment ethics research. As the theoretical framework to analyze the social modes of technology, I advocated a new theory called 'theory of social linkages", in which the phases of the networks of two kinds of linkages are discussed, socio-economical linkages and cultural-spiritual linkages. Furthermore, it will be very effective to study the characteristics of "minor subsistence" technologies to be examined in the theoretical framework.It has been appeared that whaling technologies is inadequacy in present to examine this theoretical framework. Because historical materials in whaling technologies is decisively lacking to study this problem in short term. The cases of the lawsuits related 'The rights of nature" are more suited and important for this purpose, m which cases "minor subsistence" technologies are more effective to study these issues. Then, the two cases of the lawsuit were examined, Amami-oshima Island (Tatsugo town), Kagoshima Pref and Isahaya Bay, Nagasaki Pref. The new modem technologies for development were examined and compared with "minor subsistence" technologies that have been fostered traditionally in each area. The concept of "the right of the nature" advocated in the lawsuits is differs from the concept in the environment ethics in the western society. And it can become a theoretical base of the new framework of environment ethics.

在以人类与自然的关系为基础的新型环境伦理学视野中，技术的社会形态（包括现代科学技术和传统生存技术）的走向将成为一个中心课题。换句话说，科学和技术伦理将是重要的。因此，从科学技术哲学的角度对环境伦理进行研究是不可或缺的。作为分析技术社会模式的理论框架，我提出了一种新的理论--“社会联系理论”，它讨论了两种联系网络的阶段，即社会经济联系和文化精神联系。此外，在理论框架中考察“小生计”技术的特性也是非常有效的，目前看来，用捕鲸技术来考察这一理论框架是不够的。由于捕鲸技术方面的历史资料绝对缺乏，短期内无法研究这一问题。与自然权利相关的诉讼案件更适合于这一目的，在这些案件中，“未成年人生存”技术更能有效地研究这些问题。然后，对鹿儿岛县的奄美大岛（龙后町）和长崎县的伊沙亚湾这两个诉讼案件进行了调查。对用于发展的现代新技术进行了调查，并与各地区传统上培养的“未成年人生存”技术进行了比较。诉讼中所提倡的“自然权利”概念与西方社会环境伦理学中的概念是不同的。它可以成为新的环境伦理学框架的理论基础。