A study on cognitive mapping from time-geographic perspective

1.回顾了认知地图和认知地图在地理学中的研究现状，考察了各自研究的理论框架，得出以下结论：首先，基于路线的知识在认知地图中的作用比基于调查的知识更重要，基于路线的知识是通过旅行获得的，所以我们需要调查旅行是如何在什么样的社会文化背景下产生的，以了解认知地图的过程。其次，出行方式影响认知图谱。基于路径的知识的生成过程取决于运动是否是机械辅助的，是否自主完成的。第三，认知图谱是基于日常生活中习惯化的日常行为，尽管以往的实证研究主要关注日常生活中的罕见行为，如寻路。为了考察以认知地图为基础的日常生活，艾希县丰田市进行了一项活动日记调查。在这项调查中，夫妻双方都仔细审查了六天的时空预算。利用与丰田相同类型的调查数据，对川口、日新、下和三地的日常出行行为进行了社会层面的分析，重点对出行方式进行了分析。

1. Previous studies on cognitive map and cognitive mapping in geography were reviewed and theoretical framework where each study stands was examined.Consequently, following points were found. Firstly, route-based knowledge plays more important role in cognitive mapping than survey-based knowledge.Route-based knowledge is gained trough travels, so we need to investigate how travels generate in the daily lives in what societal-cultural context in order to understand the cognitive mapping process. Secondly, travel mode affects cognitive mapping. The making process of route-based knowledge depends on whether locomotion is mechanically aided or not, and whether it is autonomously done or not. Thirdly, cognitive mapping is based on everyday behavior which is largely habitualized in daily life, though previous empirical studies have paid their attention mainly to rare behavior in daily life such as way-finding.2. To examine the daily lives which base cognitive maps, an activity diary survey was engaged in Toyota-city, Aich prefecture. In this survey, the space-time budgets on six days for both husbands and wives were scrutinized.3. By using the data from the survey in Kawagoe, Nisshin and Shimosuwa, which are the same type data as in Toyota, the daily travel behavior was analyzed in societal context, especially travel mode was focused on.