The Effects of Separation from Family During Childhood on Social Behaviors observed at Old Ages

本研究的目的是探讨二战期间童年与家庭分离的经历对老年社会行为的影响，并与没有这种经历的人进行比较。从45名因疏散而与家人分离的男女和106名没有这种经历的男女（现代年龄均为66岁）中获得的数据表明，有过分离经历的人在退休后不期望有友好的人际关系。我们还指出，“ijime”的经历并不是日本现代社会特有的现象，在我们的研究中，“ijime”被定义为无缘无故受到同伴群体攻击的经历，因为这些现象在第二次世界大战期间的学校生活中就观察到了。我们还从身份形成危机的角度探讨了“ijime”的发生机制。

The purposes of this research are to investigate the effects of experiences of separation from family at childhood during world war II on social behavior observed at old ages, compared with social behavior who had not such experiences.Data obtained from 45 men and women who had experiences of separation from family by evacuation and 106 men and women who had no such experience, both modern of ages are 66, showed that who had experiences of separation do not have expectation to have friendly human relations after their retirement.Also we pointed out that experiences of "ijime" are not phenomena particular to modern society in Japan, "ijime" are defined in our studies as experiences which had been attacked without any reason from their peer group, because of these phenomena were observed in school life during world war II.We discussed also some mechanism of occurrence of "ijime" from the view point of crises of identity formation.