Factors Relevant to The Processes in Buiding Up and Alienation of Social Identity.

03 The Dog（1976）我提出了一个假设，认为自己的真实的自我是制度性自我的人，倾向于认为当他们坚持高标准，完全控制自己的行为时，他们的自我就会显露出来。制度性自我是基于对社会目标的追求和对群体义务的接受。认为自己的真实的自我是冲动的人，倾向于觉得自己的真实的自我会显露出来当一个人的抑制力降低时，会发生自发的行为。冲动的自我是基于对不属于社会目标的冲动的满足的追求。另一方面，Rubenstein和Shaver（1982）从社会需求的角度提出，孤独有两种形式，情感孤立和社会孤立，每一个都是由于两种基本类型的规定的缺失或不足，一种可以被称为"心理亲密"，另一种可以被称为"综合参与"。基于这两个不同的命题，我们假设，为了建立我们的社会认同，并有一种整体参与的感觉，我们必须在追求社会目标的过程中发挥重要作用，但在日本，近年来，人们倾向于像美国人一样追求冲动的满足，这一假设意味着人们容易疏远自己的社会身份，对ABO血型系统多态性的关注等近年来的社会现象难以把握人格可以理解为社会身份异化的症状之一，通过对184名30 - 64岁女性的调查研究，验证了上述假设的有效性。

Turner(1976) proposed the hypothesis that people who believe their real selves are institutuional selves tend to believe their selves are revealed when they adhere to high standards and when they are in full control of their behaviors.The institutional self is based on the pursuit of society's goals and in the acceptance of group obligations.People who believe their real selves are impulsive tend to feel their real selves are revealed in spontaneous behavior that occurs when one's inhibitions are lowered.The implusive self is based on the pursuit of satisafaciton of implulses that are not a part of society's goals.On the other hand Rubenstein & Shaver(1982) , from a social needs perspectives, proposed that loneliness comes in two forms, emotional isolation and social isolation, and each is due to an absence or deficiency of two basic categories of kinds of provisions that one can be labelled "psychological intimacy" and the other, "integrated involvement".Based on these two different propositions, we hypothesized that for building up our social identity, and have a feeling of the integrated involvement, we have to take some important roles on the processes of pursuit of social goals, but in Japan, recently people tend to pursit of satisfaction of implulses like American people.This hypothesis means that people are apt to alienate their social identity and many recent social phenomena like the concern for blood group polymorphisms of ABO system to grasp personlity can be understand as one of the symptons of alienation of social identity.Our survy research on 184 females aged 30-64 to test above hypohtesis showed this prediction have certain validity.