A Study on the Ancient Weapons -An Experimental Consideration on the Practical Use-

古代兵器研究-实用化的实验思考-

• 批准号: 09610413
• 负责人: KOBAYASHI Kenichi
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Nara National Cultural Properties Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610413/
• 关键词: bow and arrow; cuirass and helmet; wooden armor; heavy iron arrowhead; iron arrowhead with long joint of tang; equipments for trooper; 甲冑; 弓矢の実用性; 木製短甲

When we consider the change of ancient weapons, it is one of the important factors whether they are practical or not. To test it, I made a bow and arrows, which had been main offensive arms, based upon the archaeological remains excavated from mounded tombs, and actually shot them. As a result, they proved to be practical enough in battle. Since Yayoi period, offensive arms and defensive armors were used as actual fighting equipment, and went through changes influencing each other.It was the wooden cuirasses that were adopted first to protect the body against the attack. Then, in the 4th century, the arrows equipped with a heavy iron arrowhead were developed to break the wooden defensive equipment. From the end of the 4th century to the 5th century, the iron armors came to be widely used.In the first half of the 5th century, new forms of battle equipment were introduced. They were socketed pikes, iron arrowheads with long joint of tang, quivers, scale armors and so on. These were originally the equipment for the troopers and it is considered that their origins are in the area from the northern part of Korea to the northeast district of China. They were brought to Japan by way of Korea. But, as unearthed horse armors were very rare in Japan, it seems that there were few battles by the troopers.As the reason for these changes of weapons, it will be possible to point out not only the domestic battles to unify a state but also relations with eastern Asia.

当我们考虑古代兵器的变化时，实用与否是重要因素之一。为了测试它，我根据从堆放的坟墓中挖掘出来的考古遗迹制作了一把弓和箭，这是主要的进攻性武器，并实际射击了它们。结果，它们在战斗中被证明是足够实用的。自弥生时期以来，攻击性武器和防御性盔甲作为实战装备，经历了相互影响的变化，最早采用的是木质护具来保护身体免受攻击。然后，在4世纪，装备了沉重的铁箭头的箭被开发出来，以打破木制防御装备。从4世纪末到5世纪，铁甲开始广泛使用。5世纪上半叶，新的作战装备形式被引入。它们是嵌套的长枪、铁箭和长节唐、箭袋、鳞甲等。这些最初是骑兵的装备，被认为起源于从朝鲜北部到中国东北地区的地区。他们是经由韩国运到日本的。但是，由于出土的马甲在日本非常罕见，似乎士兵之间的战斗很少。由于武器的这些变化，不仅可以指出国内统一国家的战斗，也可以指出与东亚的关系。