A Comparative Study on the Ancient Funeral in Korea and Japan

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When we compare the ancient funerals in Japan and Korea, some relations can be seen since around 400 B.C., when a rice crop was brought into Japan. Along with the comings of people, dolmen burials, which were popular in southern part of Korea, were introduced into northern Kyushu, and they were constructed as group tombs from the end of the late Jomon period to the early Yayoi period. But before they spread to other areas, wooden coffin burials and stone coffin burials were introduced and were accepted in many places in Japan. In the latter half of the former Yayoi period, jar burials for the adults developed from those for children were formed, and they spread all over Kyushu.In Korea, in the era of three kingdoms, funerals were changed to wooden chamber burials and stone chamber burials. But they were not introduced into Japan as they were. In the 4th century corridor-style stone chambers were generalized and gradually spread to Peakche and Kaya regions. They were introduced into northern Kyushu in the end of the 4th century and spread to Kinai district in the latter half of the 5th century.Through the comparative study on funerals including the form of tombs and funerary equipment, we could make it clear that the relationship between Japan and Korea in ancient times was different with the change of times. In recent years, the archaeological finds that are very similar to those of Japan have increased in Korea. In the future, the more detailed comparative study between Japan and Korea will be necessary as the research goes on.