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The Spiritual Studies of John Milton

约翰·弥尔顿的灵性研究

基本信息

批准号：
09610494
负责人：
DOKE Hiroichiro
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
University of Sacred Heart
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Peter Ramus, the famous French philosopher, is said to have influenced three major English poets: Sir Philip Sidney, Christopher Marlowe and John Milton. Milton wrote a large text-book of Ramean logic. Marlowe made Ramus appear on the stage of his play entitled The Massacre at Paris. Sidney did not mention in his work, though he must have seen Ramus face to face,Probably it will take a long time for a revolutionary thinker like Ramus to influence foreign literature. It can be easily supposed that Sidney must have had a letter of introduction written by his mentor John Dee to Ramus. However, he was one too deeply immersed in traditional thought to have been influenced by this new logician. On the contrary, Marlowe correctly accepted Ramus's message, the essential points of which are two: the simplification of logic by dichotomy and the distinction between artificial and inartificial arguments. Marlowe makes Guise say in The Massacre at Paris that on account of these two points, Ramus sh … More ould be killed.Cambridge University began to import Ramean logic while Ramus was still alive. Christ's College to which Milton belonged was a bulwark of Ramism in the earlier l7th century. Therefore it is natural that Milton should have compiled a text book of Ramean logic with which he wished to teach his nephews. Milton published this work, which had been written about 30 years earlier, two years before his death. Considering the depth of Milton's regard for Ramus, I have always thought that Milton's verse would be saturated with Ramean logic, and I hope to illustrate how this is so during the presentation of my paper,In the 17ィイD1thィエD1 century Ramean logic was favourably accepted as a practical weapon by Puritan priests and lawyers on the pulpit and in court. The dichotomy of 'either/or' which forms the basis of this logic of persuasion had a strong power, which is, moreover, made manifest by Satan when he successfully tempts Eve to eat of the forbidden tree (P.L. 9.679-732). The best example of artificial vs. inartificial arguments is found in opening five lines of the first book of Paradise Lost.At the same time, we can re-read Milton in relation with Robert Fiudd who belonged to the old-fashioned intellectual world, According to Denis Saurat and Frances Yates, cabalism led Milton to the doctrine of creatio ex deo. But a recent study of the Old Testament indicates that creatio ex nihilo is a doctrine which was made by the second-century church fathers. Less

法国著名哲学家彼得·拉穆斯据说影响了英国三大诗人：菲利普·西德尼爵士、克里斯托弗·马洛和约翰·弥尔顿。弥尔顿写了一本拉米恩逻辑的大型教科书。马洛让拉穆斯登上了他的戏剧《巴黎大屠杀》的舞台。西德尼在作品中没有提及，尽管他一定见过拉穆斯，像拉穆斯这样的革命思想家影响外国文学恐怕还需要很长时间。很容易推测，西德尼一定有他的导师约翰·迪伊写给拉穆斯的介绍信。然而，他是一个太沉迷于传统思想的人，没有受到这位新逻辑学家的影响。相反，马洛正确地接受了拉穆斯的信息，其要点有两个：通过二分法简化逻辑以及区分人为论证和非人为论证。马洛在《巴黎大屠杀》中让吉斯说，由于这两点，拉穆斯应该被杀。剑桥大学在拉穆斯还活着的时候就开始导入拉穆斯逻辑。弥尔顿所属的基督学院是 17 世纪早期拉米主义的堡垒。因此，弥尔顿很自然地应该编写一本拉米亚逻辑教科书，并希望用它来教他的侄子们。弥尔顿出版了这部大约 30 年前、也就是他去世前两年写成的作品。考虑到弥尔顿对拉穆斯的敬意之深，我一直认为弥尔顿的诗句会充满拉米亚逻辑，我希望在我的论文陈述过程中说明这一点，在17世纪，拉米亚逻辑在讲坛上和法庭上被清教徒牧师和律师作为实用武器接受。构成这种说服逻辑基础的“非此即彼”的二分法具有强大的力量，而且，当撒旦成功地引诱夏娃吃禁树上的果子时，它就表现出了这种力量（P.L. 9.679-732）。人为与非人为争论的最好例子可以在《失乐园》第一卷的开篇五行中找到。同时，我们可以将弥尔顿与属于旧式知识界的罗伯特·菲德联系起来重新阅读。根据丹尼斯·绍拉特和弗朗西斯·耶茨的说法，神秘主义将弥尔顿引向了“创造于神”的学说。但最近对旧约的研究表明，从无到有的创造是二世纪教父们提出的教义。较少的