RESEARCH CONCERNING RELATION BETWEEN OWNERSHIP OF PRIVATE WAY AND LIFEINTERESTS OF INHABITANTS.

由法律控制的私人道路（=Kenchikukijun-ho）与其他道路非常不同。虽然人可以使用这些方式散步或开车，但他没有私人的权利，只有这种法律的各种控制所产生的反身效果。当一条私人道路的所有权不受法律的控制时，沿途沿着的居民可以向有关政府机构提出索赔，以纠正这条道路。然而，该机构并不总是有义务服从他们的要求。我的研究的目的是如何保护这些被拘留者。我发现德国的判决和文献中承认他们的剥夺继承权--要求骚扰或要求损害私人道路所有权。这些人认为，居民应得到邻里法（Immissionsgesetz）的支持。然后，从近年来的法律的解释中可以看出，法律的控制不仅具有财产性，而且还具有私法性，而这种私法性是以共同体理论为基础的，这一理论在日本民法典的适用中难以得到承认。此外，我们没有像德国Immissgesetz这样的法律。然而，居民的剥夺继承权的要求应该得到承认，因为我理解，只要能够获得居民的安全和健康，就必须保护他们的生活利益。

Private ways which are controled in a law(=Kenchikukijun-ho) are very different from the other ones. Though man can use such ways for a walk or drive, he has no private passage-right and only reflexive effect resulting from this legal various controls. When the ownership of a private way does not observe a legal control, inhabitants along the way are able to claim against relative government agency in oder to set that way right. However, this agency is not aliways obliged to obey their claim.The aim of my research was how to protect such inhaitants. I discovered German judgements and literatures in which their disinheritance-demand of disturbance or demand for damages against the ownership of private way was recognized. These have considered that inhabitants should be given such demands suppoted by neighborhood-law (Immissionsgesetz). Then legal explanations by recent literatures understand that legal controls have not only publical but also private character and this character is based by community-theory.It's difficult to recognize this theory in applications of the Japanese Civil Code. In addition, we don' t have such a law as the German Immissionsgesetz. However, inhabitants' disinheri tance-demand should be recognised, because I understand that inhabitants' life-interests must be protected as far as their safety and health are able to be acquired.