Morphological relationship between food・foodintake and the masticatory apparatus in Primates

灵长类食物·食物摄入与咀嚼器官的形态关系

• 批准号: 08640907
• 负责人: SHIGEHARA Nobuo
• 金额: $ 0.96万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08640907/
• 关键词: Primates; Masticatory apparatus; oral volume; Palate; food; lingua; 口蓋; 咀嚼; 機能形態

The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between food/food habit and oral volume in primates. Adult dry skeletons held in Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University, and Japan Monkey Center were used here. Becouse the capacity of oral cavity decrease with teeth attrition, materials with small tooth attrition are used. After occlusion, upper and lower dental arches were covered with thin dental paraffin from outside. Mandibular base is also covered with thick dental wax. The shot was used to measure the capacity of the oral cavity. Observation of the morphology of the palate was also carried out in primates and in other mammals. The data was analyzed using the program for statistics (Statview). The Japanese macaque was used to examine an intraspecific variation.An intraspecific variation was large in the oral volume of the Japanese macaques. In primates, the oral volume showed high correlation coefficient with maximum cranial length, even in baboons which show extreme prognathism. Consequently, the projection of the palate in Primates does not correlate directly with an increase in oral volume. The folivorous primates have deep palate, but they have slightly narrow palate compared with those in other primates. Homo and neanderthals have different oral cavity form. This may depends on their ability in speech. Tthe palate width in these species are relatively wider than those in other primates.

本研究的目的是阐明灵长类的食物/食物习惯与口腔容量之间的关系。这里使用了在独居大学医学院、京都大学灵长类研究所和日本猴子中心保存的成人干燥骨骼。由于口腔容量随牙齿磨耗而减小，故选用磨损量较小的材料。咬合后，上下牙弓表面覆盖有薄层石蜡。下颌底部也覆盖着厚厚的牙蜡。注射用来测量口腔的容量。在灵长类动物和其他哺乳动物身上也观察到了上颚的形态。使用统计程序(Statview)对数据进行分析。日本猕猴被用来检验种内变异。日本猕猴的口腔容量在种内变异很大。在灵长类动物中，口腔体积与最大颅长显示出很高的相关系数，即使在表现出极端突起的狒狒身上也是如此。因此，灵长类动物的上颚投射与口腔容量的增加并不直接相关。食叶灵长类的味觉很深，但与其他灵长类相比，它们的味觉略窄。人和尼安德特人有不同的口腔形态。这可能取决于他们的语言能力。这些物种的上颚宽度比其他灵长类动物相对较宽。