A study of National Character and the process of Its Formation in Japan and the United States

以下研究是在1996和1997财政年度进行的。收集和分析青少年民族性格形成的基本信息;2.收集、二次分析和评价日本国内外青少年和成年人（20岁以上）的现有态度调查数据;3.在加州州的青少年中进行的测试前调查的实施和评价（参与该项目的三名日本研究人员于1996年访问美国，与美国政府讨论该项目）。S.团队成员）;4.在美国进行的一项重要调查（日本首席调查员于1997年访问了纽约的民意调查公司，讨论调查安排），采用配额抽样方法，选择了1 000户有一名青少年及其父母的家庭。88个问题的核心集被管理的青少年（13至18岁）和青少年的父母在面对 ...更多信息 面对面的面试这些问题包括家庭与朋友的关系，对学校和社区未来计划的态度，以及对宗教和民族性格的态度。另外一组15个问题是管理的青少年。这些额外的问题针对的是成熟度问题，并以斯坦福大学青少年量表为基础。目前正在对调查数据进行分析，研究得出的新见解如下。从以往的国民性研究数据来看，美国和日本的青少年对国民性形成的态度存在着相当大的差异。然而，在本研究中，不仅20岁以上的成年人，而且日本和美国的青少年对唯物主义和后唯物主义的态度和思维方式都得到了支持，这为趋同理论提供了可信度和支持。根据以往的调查研究结果和本次的前测结果，我们发现，对开放式问题进行定量分析，对于发现和揭示两国国民性格形成的过程是非常必要的。少

The following research was conducted during fiscal years 1996 and 1997.1. Collection and analysis of basic information on the formation of national character among adolescents ;2. Collection, secondary analysis and evaluation of existing attitudinal survey data among adolescents and adults (over 20 years of age) within and outside of Japan ;3. Performance and evaluation of pre-test surveys among adolescents in the State of California (three Japanese researchers who participated in the project visited the United States in 1996 to discuss the project with the U. S. team members) ;4. Performance of a major survey in the United States (the Japanese principal investigator visited the polling company in New York in 1997 to discuses arrangements for the survey).Using quota sampling methodology 1,000 households containing an adolescent and his/her parent were selected. A core set of 88 questions was administered to both the adolescents (aged 13 to 18) and the parents of the adolescents in face … More to-face interviews. These questions covered such topics as family relationship with friends, attitudes toward school and community future plans, and attitudes toward religion and national character. An additional set of 15 questions was administered to the adolescents. These additional questions targeted the issue of maturity and were based on the Stanford Scale of Adolescence. Analysis of the survey data is currently in progress.New insights stemming from the study are as follows.1. From the previous national character study data, differences in adolescent attitudes between the United States and Japan with respect to the formation of national character were found to be quite substantial. In the present study however, attitudes and ways of thinking about materialism and post-materialism were supported not only for the adults over age 20 but also for the adolescents in both Japan and the United States, lending credence to and support for convergence theory.2. Based on previous survey research results and the present pre-test results, it was found that quantitative analysis of open-ended questions is imperative for detecting and revealing the processes involved in the formation in national character in both nations. Less