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Study on the origin of the Yayoi immigrants in South China.

华南弥生移民起源研究.

基本信息

批准号：
08041152
负责人：
NAKAHASHI Takahiro
金额：
$ 6.66万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The lower reaches of the Yangtze River (Hang jiang) is a very important region, with its long history of rice growing and the crucial geographical situation, as one of the possible origins of the immigrants who brought the rice cultivating culture for the first time from the Asiatic continent to the Japanese islands in the end of the first millennium B.C.During last three years (1996-1998), we made direct comparative investigations on the human skeletal remains from Jiangnan, or the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, that are kept in the Nanjing Museum.The skeletal morphology of the neolithic skulls from Jiangnan resemble the Yayoi population of foreign origin in the flatness of the interorbital region, but differ considerably with the higher cranial vault, narrower facial skeleton, and the greater prognathism. On the other hand, the remains of Spring and Autumn period - Earlier Han period are fairly close to the Yayoi colonists, although the dental characteristics and nonmetrical cranial traits show some differences due to probably small sample size. It is also interesting to note that the mitochondria DNA analysis show the similarity on the base sequence in D-loop region between Liangwangcheng (Spring-Autumn period, two sample) and Kuma-Nishioda Yayoi people in northern Kyushu. Furthermore, the ritual tooth ablation of upper lateral incisors in two male of Liangwangcheng displaying characteristics in common with that of Yayoi people in Japan. These results show that Jiangnan is a possible original place of the Yayoi immigrants, although it seems still premature to draw a conclusion at this moment.

长江下游杭州是一个重要的水稻种植区，其悠久的水稻种植历史和重要的地理位置，是公元前1000年末第一次将水稻种植文化从亚洲大陆带到日本列岛的移民的可能起源地之一。（1996-1998），对南京博物馆所藏江南地区（长江下游地区）的人类骨骼进行了直接的比较研究，发现江南地区新石器时代的人类头骨在眶间区的平坦度上与外国起源的弥生人种相似，但在颅穹窿较高的程度上与弥生人种有很大的不同，面部骨骼更窄，下颚更大。另一方面，春秋-汉初时期的遗骸相当接近弥生殖民者，尽管由于样本量可能较小，牙齿特征和非测量性颅骨特征显示出一些差异。值得注意的是，线粒体DNA分析显示，两个春秋时期的梁王城人和北方九州的Kuma-Nishioda Yayoi人在D环区碱基序列上具有相似性。此外，两王城两名男性上侧切牙的仪式牙蚀除与日本弥生人的仪式牙蚀除具有共同特征。这些结果表明，江南是弥生移民的一个可能的起源地，但现在下结论似乎还为时过早。