Water Pollution Control for Pulp and Paper Mills in China

在我国，制浆造纸米尔斯厂排放的废水造成的水污染已成为一个新的社会问题。因此，控制其污染，保护良好的水环境已迫在眉睫。本研究旨在通过中日两国科学家的密切合作，建立一个综合性的对策，以控制纸浆和造纸厂废水，这些措施将有望适用于发展中国家，除了中国。作为第一步，进行了以下调查和分析，以收集实现上述目标的基本信息。介绍了我国制浆造纸工业的现状及水污染防治情况。阐明了我国造纸原料多为麦草等非木材原料，超过60%的纸是在小规模的米尔斯工厂中生产的。中国的这种特殊情况与其他国家有很大不同， ...更多信息 这给造纸黑液的处理带来了技术和经济上的严重困难，常规的碱回收工艺已不能应用。碱回收率平均只有25%，大多数小钢厂废水未经处理直接排入水体.还对日本的纸浆和造纸工业以及可转让技术进行了调查。通过对中国和日本制浆造纸工业的比较，发现中国和日本的制浆造纸工业在原料、工厂规模和废水性质等方面存在很大差异，发现日本制浆造纸厂的先进技术和操作方案知识对中国防止水污染和提高制浆造纸工业的生产力非常有用。米尔斯。但由于这些行业的原材料与日本不同，需要对技术和操作方案进行一些修改。通过联合研讨会和密切交流，日本向中国转让了防止包括纸浆和造纸废水在内的工业废水污染的封闭生产工艺和相关研究信息，以及新的废水处理技术。少

In China, water pollution caused by the wastewaters discharged from pulp and paper mills has brought a big social problem new. It is very urgent to control their pollutions to preserve the sound water environment. The present study is aiming to establish a comprehensive countermeasures to control the pulp and paper mill wastewaters by the close cooperation of Chinese and Japanese scientists and those would be expected to be adapted in the developing countries in addition to China. As a first step, the following investigations and analyzes were carried out in order to collect the basic information for achieving the above purposes.1. The present status of pulp and paper industries and their water pollution control in China were investigated. It was clarified that in China raw materials used for paper production are mostly non-wood materials, such as wheat straw etc., and over 60% of paper was produced in small scale mills. This special situation in China, which largely differs from other … More countries, brings about serious difficulties in treating black liquor technically and economically and the conventional alkali recovery process can not be applied. On the average, the alkali recovery rate was as low as 25% and the wastewater is directly discharged into water bodies without any treatment in the most of small mills.2. Pulp and paper industries in Japan and transferable technologies were also investigated. By comparing the pulp and paper industries between in China and in Japan, a large difference in raw materials, mill scale and wastewater properties was found. It was found that advanced technologies and knowledge on operation schemes in pulp and paper mills in Japan are very much useful in China for preventing the water pollution and for improving the productivities in pulp and paper industries. Some modifications of technologies and operation schemes, however, are required since the raw materials in those industries are different from those in Japan.3. Technologies and relating research information on the closed production process for preventing pollution of industrial wastewater including pulp and paper mill wastewaters, and novel wastewater treatment technologies were transferred from Japan to China through the joint seminar and intimate communications. Less