Development of ion-selective electrode for determination of anionic surfactant in wastewaters and waters

阴离子表面活性剂是人们日常生活和工业生产中大量使用的化学品之一。由于沃茨和沃茨中的大部分阴离子表面活性剂是必需的，因此，将阴离子表面活性剂排放到自然水体中会造成严重的环境污染问题。使用亚甲基蓝的吸收光度法是阴离子表面活性剂的广泛使用的分析方法。但在使用这种方法时也存在一些问题。例如，在该方法中需要氯仿的有毒有机溶剂，并且该方法的操作的自动化是困难的。本研究建立了一种离子选择电极法测定阴离子表面活性剂，该方法不需要有毒溶剂，易于自动化，并成功地应用于废水沃茨和地表沃茨的检测。本研究获得了以下结果和结论：1）采用新型电活性炭，研制了PVC膜型阴离子表面活性剂选择性电极。 关于我们 2）建立了以该电极为终点检测器的电位滴定法测定阴离子表面活性剂的方法，并成功地应用于生活和工业废水中阴离子表面活性剂的测定，具有较高的精密度和准确度。3）建立了低浓度阴离子表面活性剂沃茨的标准加入检测方法，并成功地应用于河湖沃茨的检测。该方法的定量下限为0.02 m/L，定量上限为5 mg/L。4）采用泡沫分离法浓缩阴离子表面活性剂，考察了影响其浓缩效率的因素。结合泡沫分离法，使电位滴定法和标准加入法测定阴离子表面活性剂的定量下限分别降至0.3mg/L和0.001mg/L。少

Anionic surfactant is one of the chemicals massively consumed is our daily life and industrial activities. The discharge of anionic surfactants to natural water bodies may cause serious environmental pollution problems because that most of anionic surfactants in waters and wastewaters is required. the absorption photometry using methylene blue is widely used analytical method of anionic surfactants. But there are some problems when using this method. For example, a toxic organic solvent of chloroform is needed in this method and the automatization of operation of this method is difficult. In this study, an ion-selective electrode method for the determination of anionic surfactants, which does not need toxic solvent and is easy for automatization, was developed and successfully applied for the examination of wastewaters and surface waters. The following results and conclusions were obtained in this study.1) A PVC-membrane type anionic surfactant-selective electrode using a new electro-a … More ctive substance originally synthesized in this study was constructed and the performance of this electrode was experimentally evaluated.2) A potentiometric titration method for determination of anionic surfactant using the newly developed electrode as an end-point detector was proposed and successfully applied for the examination of domestic and industrial wastewaters with high precision and accuracy. The lower quantitative limit of this method is 5 mg/L.3) A standard-addition method for the examination of waters with low concentration of anionic surfactants was developed and successfully applied for the examination of river and lake waters without any pre-treatment of samples. The lower and upper quantitative limits of this method are 0.02 m/L and 5 mg/L, respectively.4) Foam-separation method was introduced for the concentration of anionic surfactants and factors affecting the concentration-efficiently were investigated. By combining with foam-separation, the lower quantitative limits of potentiometric titration and the standard-addition methods for the determination of anionic surfactants were lowered to 0.3 mg/L and 0.001mg/L, respectively. Less