Laser-based spectroscopic system for in-situ diagnosis of particle/gas reactive flows

所要求的用于颗粒/气体反应流动现场诊断的激光光谱系统将能够对高温复杂反应系统中颗粒流动以及周围气体进行时间分辨、现场物理化学表征。由于它的多功能性，根据感兴趣的目标性质和反应系统，将应用几种光谱技术。激光诱导击穿光谱、平面激光诱导白炽、平面激光诱导荧光是该系统的主要应用领域。流动中颗粒/气溶胶的表征，包括化学成分和物理性质（例如，颗粒大小、浓度和形态），与许多工业生产和排放过程高度相关。光学诊断为这种极具挑战性的表征提供了明显的优势，因为光学诊断可以同时以非侵入性的方式分析多种物理化学性质，具有出色的时空分辨率和高灵敏度和选择性。这需要在以下方面获得新的见解：(I)从前体气体形成颗粒/气溶胶的过程，（II）颗粒/气溶胶与周围环境之间的相互作用，以及（III）在线控制方法的实施，以便能够开发新的设计和优化方法。在申请人目前和计划的研究项目中，所要求的系统的主要用途是集中在气相形成或直接在气相中携带的颗粒/气溶胶的原位物理化学表征上，主要是在生物质和塑料的热化学转化框架内，用于生产材料和化学品。这种实验方法结合了不同的光谱技术，对上述领域的颗粒/气溶胶以及周围气体进行在线、原位表征，对申请人来说是第一次。所要求的系统包括一个配置用于红外、可见光和（深）紫外区域高能脉冲的激光器，一个能够提供高光谱分辨率和灵敏度的探测器，能够从反应系统中提供所要求的信息，能够操作系统和处理数据的软件和计算机，以及激光和信号制导所需的附件。

The requested "Laser-based spectroscopic system for in-situ diagnosis of particle/gas reactive flows will enable time-resolved, in-situ, physico-chemical characterization of particle-laden flows as well as of the surrounding gas in high-temperature complex reactive systems. Thanks to ist great versatility, several spectroscopic techniques will be applied, depending on the targeted properties of interest and on the reactive system. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, planar laser-induced incandescence, and planar laser-induced fluorescence constitute the core diagnostics pursued with this system by the main applicant. The characterization of particles/aerosols in flows, including chemical composition and physical properties (e.g., particle size, concentration, and morphology), is highly relevant for many industrial production and emission processes. Optical diagnostics offer clear advantages for this highly challenging characterization thanks to the possibility of analyzing simultaneously and in a non-intrusive manner several physico-chemical properties with an excellent spatio-temporal resolution and high sensitivity and selectivity. This is needed to obtain new insights in (I) the processes involved in the formation of particles/aerosols from the precursor gas, (II) the interactions between the particles/aerosols with the surroundings, and (III) the implementation of online control approaches, to be able to develop novel design and optimization methods. In the current and planned research projects of the applicants, the main utilization of the requested system is centered on the in-situ physico-chemical characterization of particles/aerosols either formed in the gas phase or entrained directly in the gas-phase, principally in the framework of the thermochemical conversion of biomass and plastics for the production of materials and chemicals. Such experimental approach, combining the different spectroscopic techniques for the on-line, in-situ characterization of particles/aerosols as well as the surrounding gas in the above introduced field is first of ist kind to the knowledge of the applicants. The requested system includes a laser configured to work with high-energy pulses in the IR, visible, and (deep) UV regions, a detector able to provide, with high spectral resolution and sensitivity, the requested information from the reactive systems, the software and computer able to both operate the system and process the data, and the accessories necessary for laser and signal guidance.