Biochemical Studies on Biosynthesis and Function of Secondary Metabolites in Forest Plants and Fungi

本研究旨在分析森林植物和真菌产生的次生代谢产物的多种功能，并在自身研究的基础上，从“生态学”和“经济学”的角度解释我国森林生态系统。目前从事植物和真菌化学和生物化学的研究人员分为7组（A至G）。在讨论和交流了有关正在进行的研究领域的各种观点后，综合评述了以下20章的文章：A：木质素的生物合成及其生物化学和遗传操作（第1-4章）B：木脂素和相关次级代谢产物的生物化学（第5-9章）C：植物中萜类及相关化合物的生物合成和生物化学（第10-12章）D.植物中醌和二苯乙烯的生物合成和生物化学（第13-14章）E：树木的防御机制和植物抗毒素的生物化学（第15-16章）F：木质素和纤维素的生物降解系统（第17-18章）G：真菌次生代谢产物的生物化学（第19-20章）建立可持续森林管理，以利于长期生产、利用、而我们生活中木材资源的消耗现在是全球范围内减少二氧化碳排放和抑制温度升高的“必须”主题。为此，这项研究带来了一个整体概念，即从“生态学”和“经济学”的角度来看，对植物、真菌和昆虫产生的各种天然次生代谢物的功能进行生态学和生物化学研究是非常重要的。

The purpose of this investigation is to analyze a variety of functions of secondary metabolites produced by forest plants and fungi and to explain our forest ecosystem from viewpoints of "ecology" and "economy" on the basis of own research. The present research members working chemistry and biochemistry of plants and fungi were divided into the 7 gtoups (A to G). After discussions and exchange of each view of the on-going research areas concerned, comprehensive review articles were reported in 20 Chapters as follows.A : Biosynthesis of lignin and the biochemistry and genetic manipulation (Chapters 1-4)B : Biochemistry of lignan and the related secondary metabolites (Chapters 5-9)C : Biosynthesis and biochemistry of Terpenes and the related compounds in plants (Chapters 10-12)D.Biosynthesis and biochemistry of quinones and stilbenes in plants (Chapters 13-14)E : Defense mechanisms of trees and biochemistry of phytoalexins (Chapters 15-16)F : Biodegradation system of lignin and celluosics (Chapters 17-18)G : Biochemistry of fungal secondary metabolites from biological view points (Chapter 19-20)To establish management of sustainable forests for the benefits of permanent production, utilization, and consumption of wood resources for our life is now a "must" subject for reduction of carbon dioxide release and for repression of temperature increase on global scale. To this end, this investigation has brought the integral concept that ecological and biochemical studies on functions of a wide variety of natural secondary metaboites produced by plants, fungi, and insects are extremely important from viewpoints of "ecology" as well as "economy".