THE OBSERVATION OF HIGH ENERCY PRIMARY COSMIC-RAY BY JAPAN-RUSSIA COOPERATIVE BALLOON EXPERIMENT

在宇宙射线研究中，有一个长期存在的问题，即导致膝盖的原因——光谱在10 (15)eV左右断裂。虽然这是宇宙射线研究中最重要的问题之一，但由于缺乏直接的观测，无法绘制出膝盖的具体图像。为了解决这一问题，日本和俄罗斯从1995年开始合作，利用气球载乳化液室进行了化学成分观测和能谱测量。1995年2次、1996年2次、1997年3次、1999年4次，共11次。所有的飞行和回收都是成功的，除了1997年的一次。从堪察加半岛到伏尔加河地区的飞行时间通常为160小时左右。日本和俄罗斯的合作者互相访问，讨论分析和科学结果，以及拆装室和处理摄影材料。特别是1999年11月，我们有一个研讨会来研究RUNJOB的结果，比较了JACEE， SOKOL和其他在hiroaki的结果。在这次研讨会上，对结果的意义和可靠性以及未来的问题进行了广泛讨论。分析了1996年活动的数据，并在1997年和1999年的国际宇宙射线会议上报告了结果。我们的结果与低能量区域的外推一致。在质子谱上，我们和JACEE、SOKOL的一致性很好，但我们的氦谱要比其他公司低2倍。关于这些结果的论文发表在2000年2月的《天体粒子物理》杂志上。1997年和1999年的数据分析正在进行中。1997年的分析已经非常接近完成，第一阶段的分析或1999年的数据已经完成。最终结果将在两年内公布。

In cosmic ray study, there has been a long standing problem, the cause of the knee -- the break of the spectrum around 10 (15)$ eV. Although this is one of the most important problem in cosmic ray study, the lack or the direct observation make it impossible to draw the concrete picture of the knee. So as to solve this problem, the observations or chemical compositions and energy spectrum measurements have been carried out by using the balloon borne emulsion chambers since 1995 as the collaboralion or Japan and Russia.The balloons were launched twice in 1995, twice in 1996, three times in 1997 and 4 times in 1999, 11 times in total. All are successful flights and recoveries except only one time 1997. The flight duration is typically about 160 hours from Kamchatuka peninsula to Volga river region.Japanese and Russian collaborators visit each other to discuss the analysis and scientific results as well as for depacking chambers and processing or photographic materials. Specially November l999, we had the workshop to study RUNJOB results, comparing those or JACEE, SOKOL and others in Hirosaki. At this workshop, the significance and reliability of the results and future problems were discussed extensively.The data up to 1996 campaigns are analyzed and the results were reported at the international cosmic ray conference in 1997 and 1999. Our results are consistent with the extrapolation from the lower energy region. As for the proton spectrum, the agreement is good among JACEE, SOKOL and ours, but our helium spectrum is lower than others by factor 2. And the paper on these results are submitted to Astro-Particle Physics February in 2000.The analysis or 1997 and 1999 data is going on now. 1997 analysis is very close to the completion and the first-stage analysis or 1999 data is finished. The final results will be published in two years.