A STUDY OF THE RELATION BETWEEN CHANGE OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION TO COMMUNITY CARE AND STERILIZATION OF THE "FEEBLE-MINDED" IN THE FIRST HALF OF 20TH CENTURY AMERICA

“弱智”的制度化政策自19世纪40年代以来一直是理想的，但在20世纪初的美国已经变得无法实现。尽管修建了更多和更多的收容机构，但收容机构的情况仍然过于拥挤，对接纳的需求很大，治疗水平的质量一直在恶化。但是，立法机关不愿意拨款。在这种情况下，一些机构的负责人在机构中对他们进行了教育和培训，使他们在社区中生活，从而释放了“白痴”和更高的“低能儿”，这种新的治疗方法在一定程度上是成功的。由于更多的“弱智”人士可以在监事制度下享受社区生活，一些机构的监事将他们的“男孩和女孩”定为假释或出院，进入社区生活。然而，这些人中的一些人违反了法律，有私生子，正如许多管理者所担心的那样……另一组优生学主管有另一种社区生活计划，即机构中的“弱智”人被假释，并在绝育后出院。后者可以在没有孩子的情况下享受社区生活。优生学主管拒绝他们的“男孩和女孩”生孩子并抚养他们。他们首先采用了遗传和血统的理论，从此改变了“男孩和女孩”在社会和经济上难以抚养的原因。上述两种“弱智”人的社区生活计划，需要他们的适应能力和工作能力、教育和培训机构的职能、他们的父母和他们对社区生活的渴望，以及对他们廉价的不成熟劳动力的需求。在缺乏这些因素的某种状态下，收容所里的“弱智”人被绝育，并在收容所里的“社区”中享受正常生活，包括与异性发生关系。少

Institutionalization policy of the "feeble-minded" to be ideal since the fourth quarter of the 19th century had become to be unrealizable at the beginnings of the 20th century America. In spite of building more and adding to institutions, overcrowded condition of them and great demand to be admitted had continued and the quality of treatment level had been deteriorating. But, the legislatures were unwilling to appropriate to funds. This situation had a few superintendents of the institutions parole "moron" and higher "imbecile" after educating and training them in the institutions to live in the community, and this new method of treatment was successful to some extent. As more "feeble-minded" persons could enjoy community life under the supervisor system, a few superintendents of the institutions aimed their "boys and girls" to be parole and discharge to live in the community life. However, a few of these persons violated laws and had illegitimate children as many superintendents feare … More d to these persons to be so. The other group of the eugenicist superintendents had another plan of community life that the "feeble-minded" persons in the institutions were paroled and discharged with sterilization. The latter persons could enjoy the community life without their child. The eugenicist superintendents refused their "boys and girls" to have children and raise them. They firstly adopted a theory of hereditary and stock, and since then changed the reasons of the "boys and girls" to be difficult to raise socially and economically.Aforesaid two plans of the community life for the "feeble-minded" persons necessitated their capacity to adapt and work, the functions educating and training it of the institutions, their parents' and their desire for the community life, and the demand for their cheaper immature labor. In a certain state lacking some of these factors, the "feeble-minded" persons in the institution were sterilized and enjoyed normal life in the institution 'community' including having relations with the opposite sex. Less