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A STUDY OF THE RELATION BETWEEN CHANGE OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION TO COMMUNITY CARE AND STERILIZATION OF THE "FEEBLE-MINDED" IN THE FIRST HALF OF 20TH CENTURY AMERICA

20世纪上半叶美国社区护理制度化变迁与“弱智者”绝育关系研究

基本信息

批准号：
08451058
负责人：
NAKAMURA Makio
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08451058/
关键词：
sterilization mental retardation community care eugenics america institutionalization marriage raising 養育地域内処遇 20世紀前半

项目摘要

Institutionalization policy of the "feeble-minded" to be ideal since the fourth quarter of the 19th century had become to be unrealizable at the beginnings of the 20th century America. In spite of building more and adding to institutions, overcrowded condition of them and great demand to be admitted had continued and the quality of treatment level had been deteriorating. But, the legislatures were unwilling to appropriate to funds. This situation had a few superintendents of the institutions parole "moron" and higher "imbecile" after educating and training them in the institutions to live in the community, and this new method of treatment was successful to some extent. As more "feeble-minded" persons could enjoy community life under the supervisor system, a few superintendents of the institutions aimed their "boys and girls" to be parole and discharge to live in the community life. However, a few of these persons violated laws and had illegitimate children as many superintendents feare … More d to these persons to be so. The other group of the eugenicist superintendents had another plan of community life that the "feeble-minded" persons in the institutions were paroled and discharged with sterilization. The latter persons could enjoy the community life without their child. The eugenicist superintendents refused their "boys and girls" to have children and raise them. They firstly adopted a theory of hereditary and stock, and since then changed the reasons of the "boys and girls" to be difficult to raise socially and economically.Aforesaid two plans of the community life for the "feeble-minded" persons necessitated their capacity to adapt and work, the functions educating and training it of the institutions, their parents' and their desire for the community life, and the demand for their cheaper immature labor. In a certain state lacking some of these factors, the "feeble-minded" persons in the institution were sterilized and enjoyed normal life in the institution 'community' including having relations with the opposite sex. Less

世纪后半期以来被视为理想的“弱智者”制度化政策，到了世纪初的美国，已经成为一种无法实现的现实。尽管建造了更多的收容机构，增加了收容机构，但收容机构仍然人满为患，收容需求仍然很大，治疗水平的质量一直在下降。但是，立法机构不愿意拨款。这种情况有几个监管机构假释“白痴”和更高的“低能儿”后，教育和培训他们在机构生活在社区，这种新的治疗方法是成功的在一定程度上。由于更多的“弱智”者可以在监督员制度下享受社区生活，一些机构的监督员将他们的“男孩和女孩”定为假释和释放，以便在社区生活。然而，其中一些人违反了法律，并有私生子，因为许多主管担心 ...更多信息 D、这些人应该是这样的。另一组优生学监督者有另一个社区生活计划，即机构中的“弱智”人被假释，并通过绝育出院。后者可以在没有子女的情况下享受社区生活。优生学的管理者拒绝他们的“男孩和女孩”生孩子和抚养他们。他们首先采用了世袭和股份理论，从此改变了“男孩和女孩”在社会和经济上难以抚养的原因，提出了“弱智”者社区生活的两种方案，需要他们的适应能力和工作能力，机构的教育和训练功能，他们的父母和他们对社区生活的渴望，以及对廉价未成熟劳动力的需求。在缺乏这些因素的某个国家，机构中的“弱智”者被绝育，并在机构“社区”中享受正常生活，包括与异性发生关系。少