Development of urban transport models to evaluate alternative strategies for a sustainable mobility

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

This research have developed new urban transport models to evaluate alternative strategies for a sustainable mobility which should be on a balance between economic growth and environment impacts. During 18 months between October 1996 and March 1998, this research have made major progress in the following topics.1. Development of Aggregate Travel Demand Model based on a Discrete Choice ApproachMajor wisdom in discrete choice approach, such as nested structure of multi-dimensional choices and choice set generation models, were introduced into aggregate travel demand models. The new models were applied to the Sendai metropolitan area. More theoretical sound distribution model and rail route model turned to be more accurate models. These models could be used to evaluate alternative mobility strategies.2. Evaluation of alternative methods to internalize extemal costs of driving in an equilibrium demand model frameworkThe Polluter-Pay-Principle would be one theoretical based to control growi … More ng traffic volume. The most adequate estimation methods of external costs of driving were reviewed and applied to the peak hour vehicle OD in the Sendai area. It became clear that simultaneous equilibrium models of mode choice and route choice could evaluate alternative pricing methods to internalize the external costs with reasonable accuracy.3. Development of Strategic Transport ModelsInstead of detailed road network, aggregate quantity-velocity (QV) curb could be used in a strategic transport model. This makes the strategic transport model evaluate alternative strategies within limited time. Bases on an extensive review, new aggregate QV curbs was developed to consider the number of stops. This model were applied to an arterial road network in Tokyo area and proved to be practical in evaluating pricing options.4. In summary, this research has developed both an improved version of conventional aggregate models and a strategic transport model. These models are key part of transport models to evaluate alternative strategies for a sustainable mobility. Less