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Development of urban transport models to evaluate alternative strategies for a sustainable mobility

开发城市交通模型以评估可持续交通的替代策略

基本信息

批准号：
08455238
负责人：
OHTA Katsutoshi
金额：
$ 0.58万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research have developed new urban transport models to evaluate alternative strategies for a sustainable mobility which should be on a balance between economic growth and environment impacts. During 18 months between October 1996 and March 1998, this research have made major progress in the following topics.1. Development of Aggregate Travel Demand Model based on a Discrete Choice ApproachMajor wisdom in discrete choice approach, such as nested structure of multi-dimensional choices and choice set generation models, were introduced into aggregate travel demand models. The new models were applied to the Sendai metropolitan area. More theoretical sound distribution model and rail route model turned to be more accurate models. These models could be used to evaluate alternative mobility strategies.2. Evaluation of alternative methods to internalize extemal costs of driving in an equilibrium demand model frameworkThe Polluter-Pay-Principle would be one theoretical based to control growi … More ng traffic volume. The most adequate estimation methods of external costs of driving were reviewed and applied to the peak hour vehicle OD in the Sendai area. It became clear that simultaneous equilibrium models of mode choice and route choice could evaluate alternative pricing methods to internalize the external costs with reasonable accuracy.3. Development of Strategic Transport ModelsInstead of detailed road network, aggregate quantity-velocity (QV) curb could be used in a strategic transport model. This makes the strategic transport model evaluate alternative strategies within limited time. Bases on an extensive review, new aggregate QV curbs was developed to consider the number of stops. This model were applied to an arterial road network in Tokyo area and proved to be practical in evaluating pricing options.4. In summary, this research has developed both an improved version of conventional aggregate models and a strategic transport model. These models are key part of transport models to evaluate alternative strategies for a sustainable mobility. Less

这项研究开发了新的城市交通模型，以评估可持续交通的替代策略，该策略应在经济增长和环境影响之间取得平衡。 1996年10月至1998年3月的18个月里，本研究在以下几个方面取得了重大进展： 1．基于离散选择方法的综合出行需求模型的开发将离散选择方法的主要智慧，如多维选择的嵌套结构和选择集生成模型等引入到综合出行需求模型中。新模型应用于仙台首都圈。更加理论化的声音分布模型和铁路路线模型变成了更加精确的模型。这些模型可用于评估替代流动策略。2．在均衡需求模型框架中评估将外部驾驶成本内部化的替代方法污染者付费原则将是控制交通量增长的一种理论基础。审查了最适当的外部驾驶成本估算方法，并将其应用于仙台地区的高峰时段车辆 OD。很明显，模式选择和路线选择的同时均衡模型可以评估替代定价方法，以合理的精度内部化外部成本。3．战略运输模型的开发在战略运输模型中可以使用总量-速度（QV）限制来代替详细的道路网络。这使得战略运输模型在有限的时间内评估替代策略。根据广泛的审查，制定了新的 QV 总量限制，以考虑停靠站的数量。该模型被应用于东京地区的干线公路网，并被证明在评估定价方案方面具有实用性。 4．总之，本研究开发了传统聚合模型的改进版本和战略运输模型。这些模型是评估可持续交通替代策略的交通模型的关键部分。较少的