权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

A INVESTIGATION AND CONSIDERATION ON OPEN/CLOSED CHARACTER OF CONTEMPORARY JAPANESE DWELLINGS

当代日本民居开放封闭性的调查与思考

基本信息

批准号：
08455280
负责人：
SUZUKI Shigebumi
金额：
$ 4.74万
依托单位：
KOBE DESIGN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Through our survey of Japanese dwellings, we have attempted to show that dwellings are gradually becoming more closed to the outside community. Our report considers measures to return the sense of openness to dwellings and ways to enhance the sense of community spirit.Our survey of rural communities focused on four villages in Fukui Prefecture. We discuss the plan-type of the traditional dwellings and describe how this form has gradually changed in recent years, and how each village is managing to maintain their sense of openness. We propose that new-build houses should maintain a link with their surrounding spaces.Through our observations of eight cases of multiple-unit urban housing and our interviews to nine persons of planners and architects, we consider the spatial conditions necessary to make it more open to communities and how to create a sense of community spirit among residents. We poit out the follwing requirements : (1)Continuity of occupants' territoty of daily life (2)Ensuring places for expressing occupants' character (3)Directing occupants' daily home life toward shared spaces (4)The importance of the feeling of being "in-touch with the ground" (5)Suitable scale and variety of shared spaces (6)The formation of small groupsAs for post-disaster housing reconstruction of the Great Hanshin Earthquake, the design of dwellings has become uniform, the sense of social togetherness has been erased and the housings are isolated from the surroundig townscape and environment. We introduce a few examples of dwellings designed with openness in mind, and examples of collective-housing.Finally, we consider the future trends in openness and sense of community in housing, and discuss the importance of design based on an understanding of human-oriented dwellings.

通过我们对日本住宅的调查，我们试图表明住宅正逐渐变得与外部社区更加封闭。我们的报告考虑了恢复住宅开放感的措施，以及增强社区精神的方法。我们对农村社区的调查集中在福井县的四个村庄。我们讨论了传统民居的平面类型，并描述了这种形式近年来是如何逐渐变化的，以及每个村庄是如何保持其开放感的。我们建议新建的房屋应该与周围的空间保持联系。通过对八个多单元城市住宅案例的观察和对九位规划师和建筑师的访谈，我们思考了使其对社区更开放所需的空间条件，以及如何在居民中创造社区精神感。我们提出以下要求：(1)居住者日常生活领域的连续性(2)确保居住者个性表达的场所(3)将居住者的日常家庭生活引向共享空间(4)“与地面接触”的感觉的重要性(5)适当的共享空间规模和多样性(6)小群体的形成阪神大地震灾后住房重建，住宅的设计趋于统一。社会团结的感觉已经被抹去，房屋与周围的城镇景观和环境隔离开来。我们介绍了几个以开放性为设计理念的住宅的例子，以及集体住宅的例子。最后，我们考虑了住宅的开放性和社区意识的未来趋势，并在理解以人为本的住宅的基础上讨论了设计的重要性。