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Development of intelligent anaerobic fermentation process for reuse of carbon dioxide

二氧化碳回用智能厌氧发酵工艺开发

基本信息

批准号：
08455385
负责人：
NISHIO Naomichi
金额：
$ 4.86万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A strict anaerobic acetogen, Acetobacterium sp. can utilize CO_2 as a co-substrate with methanol and accumulates high amount of vitamin B1 in the cells. Therefore, it is possible theoretically to produce acetate which is useful as chemical raw material or methane from the acetate which is. useful as fuel gas together with vitamin B_1_2.The results obtained in this work were as follows :1. In chemostat continuous culture on CO_2/methanol, Acetobacterium sp. had really high vitamin B_1_2 content in the cells (5 mg/g cell) and produced acetate almost stoichiometrically from CO_2/methanol, that is, the molar ratio of consumption of methanol and CO_2 was 2 and 1. And specific production rates of vitamin B_1_2 and acetate were increased linearly with increase of dilution rate. Based on this fact, to increase the production rates of acetate and vitamin Bin, a fixed bed bioreactor packed with ceramic material was operated at a high dilution rate than growth rate resulting high production rates of acetate and intracellular vitamin B_1_2.2. A nobel coculture of Acetobacterium with a metanogen, Methanosaeta concilii was developed to convert acetate to OH.First, a flxed bed reactor of M.concilii was set up, where polypropyrene/ceramic mixture was packed to adhere the cells. Then, this reactor was connected to a chemostat culture of Acetobacterium since the growth rate of the methanogen was 10 times lower than Acetobacterium.By using this combined reactor process where the methanogen cells consumed acetate produced by Acetobacterium, acetate in the chemostat culture was almost completely converted to methane and vitamin B_1_2 productivity increased up to 170 mg/lid at a high dilutions rate of 0.15 h^-^1, which is ca. 2 times higher than the maximum growth rate of Acetobacterium in batch culture.

醋酸杆菌属（Acetobacterium sp.）是一种严格的厌氧产乙酸菌，能利用CO_2和甲醇作为共底物，并在细胞内积累大量维生素B1。因此，从理论上可以从作为化学原料的乙酸酯生产有用的乙酸酯或甲烷。与维生素B_1_2一起用作燃气。在CO_2/甲醇恒化器连续培养中，醋酸杆菌（Acetobacterium sp.）细胞内维生素B_1_2含量很高（5 mg/g细胞），并且几乎以化学计量比从CO_2/甲醇中产生醋酸，即甲醇和CO_2的消耗摩尔比为2和1。维生素B_1_2和乙酸的比生成速率随稀释率的增加而线性增加。基于这一事实，为了提高乙酸盐和维生素B_2的生产速率，填充有陶瓷材料的固定床生物反应器在比生长速率高的稀释速率下操作，导致乙酸盐和细胞内维生素B_1_2.2的高生产速率。以醋酸杆菌和一种变形菌Methanosaeta concilii为共培养物，建立了醋酸杆菌转化为羟基的反应器。然后，由于产甲烷菌的生长速率比醋酸杆菌的生长速率低10倍，因此将该反应器连接到醋酸杆菌的恒化培养物上。在恒化器培养物中乙酸几乎完全转化为甲烷，维生素B_1_2产量增加到170 mg/L。在0.15 h^-^1的高稀释率下盖上盖子，这是大约比醋酸杆菌分批培养的最大生长速率高2倍。