Development of Emtion and Sensitivity in Young Children's Life

这个项目调查了儿童的情感、自我概念和对音乐和艺术的敏感性的发展，并研究了他们与同龄人和老师的人际关系。我们还调查了教师如何看待他们自己与这些问题的关系。在同伴互动的纵向观察中，我们分析了人际冲突与同伴关系变化之间的关系。发现了以下几个阶段：． 一个接近另一个拒绝的阶段；发生重大争吵的阶段；两者严重对立的阶段；两者结盟的阶段；当他们平等地面对对方时；他们通过反对来修复关系。2. 我们对52名儿童的负面情绪处理进行了调查，并测量了他们的社会计量地位。我们还询问了他们的母亲在孩子消极情绪环境下的惩戒策略以及他们自己孩子的脾气。如果父母更多地关注孩子的情绪，并与孩子一起思考，孩子们倾向于用建设性的语言表达负面情绪。具有建设性自我调节能力的孩子在同龄人中受欢迎的程度更高，情绪和冲动的气质也更高。3. 我们让70个孩子描述他们自己、他们的父母和朋友。通过对内容的分析，我们发现“好孩子”这样的评价维度具有很强的作用，对人格特质的理解随年龄的变化而发生变化，从整体到具体到抽象。4. 通过对33名教师的访谈，我们发现教师对难以引导的儿童类型存在差异。新手教师对孩子的理解是单一的，而有经验的教师则形成了多个观点。5. 我们分析了从幼儿园儿童录像中提取的自发歌唱。他们在演奏的间歇唱了许多应景歌曲。在清理等非任务时间，他们会唱与情境无关的歌曲。歌唱与儿童的活动状态密切相关。少

This project investigated evelopments of emotion, self-concept, and sensitivity about especially music and art in young childhood, and also examined interpersonal relations with children's peers and teachers. We also exmined how teachers think about their own relationships with those problems.1. In lingitudinal observations of peer interactions, we analyzed the relationships between interpersonal conflicts and changes of peer relations. Several phases were found as follows ; . phase when one approached and the other rejected ; phase when critical quarrels happened ; phase when both seriously opposed ; phase when both behaved in league ; phase when they face each other equally ; phase when they repair the relations through opposition. 2. We questioned 52 children about coping of negative emotions and measured sociometric status. Also we asked thier mothers about their disciplinary strategies in children's negative emotional settings and their own childern's temperametns. Children whose … More parents worked on children's emotions and thought together with the children tended to verbalize constructively about negative emotions. Cheldren who could self-regulate constructively and higher popularity from peers and emotional and impulsive temperament. 3. We asked 70 children to describe about themselves, their parents, and friends. From the analysis of the contents, we found that an evaluative dimentsion like'good child' was powerful and that understanding of personality traits changed with age form global through concrete and specific to abstract one. 4. From interviews of 33 teachers, we found that there were differences about types of children whom they felt difficult to guide. While novice teachers comprehended children from a single viewpoint, experienced teachers did so form multiple view points. 5. We analyzed spontaneous singing extracted from video recordings of kindergarten's children. They sang many songs conforming to the situations in intervals among play. In non-task time like clearing-ups, they sang songs which were not relevant with situations. Singing is deeply connected with children's activity states. Less