A Comparative Study on Pedagogical Assistance for the University Teaching Improvement and Uses of Teaching Portfolios.

本研究旨在对“教学档案袋”在北美大学中的发展、可能性及其在其他地区的适用性进行综述。教学档案袋作为教师自己编写的优秀教学活动的记录文件，起源于北美，在美国大学尤其盛行。越来越多的大学鼓励教职员编制教学档案，以改善教学，并在某些情况下作为晋升或安置的评估资源。研究分为三个阶段。首先，通过收集有关员工发展的文件和资料进行了国际调查，包括分析了几个组合项目案例的详细信息。分析的重点是在历史、定义、目标、建议的形式、程序和评价等方面进行比较。其次，这些经验尝试性地应用于日本大学的教学案例。以参加京都大学高等教育中心举办的“人的生命周期与教育”公开研讨会为契机，笔者作为教职员，尝试制作了日语教学档案，并在会后对其效果、优点和局限性进行了讨论。本研究的成果发表于玉川大学出版社（1997）。第三，从国外研究者那里寻求帮助和建议。1996年12月访问了联合王国，1997年7月访问了美国。访问期间，我采访了教育部的工作人员，特别收获颇丰。政策研究，伦敦大学和哈佛大学德里克博克中心。

This study is to make a review on the development and possibilities of 'teaching portfolios' used in the universities in the North America and its applicability to the other areas. The teaching portfolio as a recorded file of excellent teaching activities compiled by the teacher himself has its origin in the North America and has been prevalent especially in the United States universities. More and more universities are now encouraging their staff to compile teaching portfolios in order to improve their teachings and, in some cases, to be used as resource on evaluation for their promotions or placements.The study consists of three phases. Firstly, an international investigation by collecting documents and materials on staff development were conducted including the analysis of detailed information on several cases of portfolio projects. The focus of the analysis were put on the comparative aspects in their history, definitions, aims, proposed format, procedure and evaluation.Secondly these experiences were tentatively applied to the case of teaching in a Japanese University. Taking an opportunity of attending the open seminar on 'Human lifecycle and education' by the Center for Higher Education, Kyoto University, I, as a staff, tried to create a Japanese teaching portfolio.After the session, its effects, merits and limits were discussed. The outcome of this projects is published from the Tamagawa University Press (1997).Thirdly, I sought assistance and insights for the suggestions from the overseas researchers. Visits were made to the United Kingdom in December 1996 and to the United States in July 1997. The visits were especially fruitful when I interviewed staff of Dept. of Policy Studies, London University and the Derek Bok Center of Harvard University.