权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

An International Study on the Trends of Changing Functions and Flexible Implementations of Compulsory Education

国际义务教育职能转变与灵活实施趋势研究

基本信息

批准号：
18330179
负责人：
SUGIMOTO Hitoshi
金额：
$ 9.5万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this project, we conducted a cross-national investigation over the trends of functional changes in education and flexible implementation of compulsory education more than 20 countries. Analyses were made in following categories: (1) changing trends of compulsory education systems, and (2) trends of educational reforms in compulsory education level, and (3) trends of flexible implementation of compulsory education.According to the country reports, compulsory education systems themselves have continuously been developing in almost all countries investigated, and duration of compulsory education has also tended to be extended in many countries. No country was found which intended to shift their compulsory system from that of educational obligation to that of schooling obligation. Some countries, on the contrary, are in the process of reinforcement of regulation or control over the compulsory education.The social function of compulsory education that is to provide everyone with common n … More ational knowledge and skill, is recognized and/or declined in many countries and more emphasis has been put on this aspect of function of compulsory education especially in their implementation process. This function of compulsory education, however, may encounter a conflict with another function to extend basic education to their all population including the minorities with different cultures. Although no country nowadays define the purpose of compulsory education as to protect children from exploitation of child labour, this does not mean that child labour has been completely eradicated but rather it is concealed in the phenomena so called flexible implementation of compulsory education.No evidence was found throughout our investigation that the compulsory education system itself has been degraded or deregulated. Rather we found its sound foundations unchangeable regardless of time and nation. Then we conclude that the compulsory education has both core functions and subsidiary functions. While importance of core functions has no means been debased or reduced, peripheral aspects of compulsory education needed to change to meet fast changing demands of society. It may be the reason why we witness contradicting trends of reforms in the same compulsory education in the same country. Less

在这个项目中，我们对20多个国家的教育功能变化趋势和义务教育的灵活实施进行了跨国调查。本文从以下几个方面进行了分析：(1)义务教育制度变迁趋势；(2)义务教育水平教育改革趋势；(3)义务教育灵活实施趋势。根据国别报告，在几乎所有被调查的国家，义务教育制度本身都在不断发展，许多国家的义务教育期限也有延长的趋势。没有发现任何国家打算将其义务教育制度从教育义务制度转变为上学义务制度。相反，一些国家正在加强对义务教育的管制。义务教育的社会功能是为每个人提供更多的国家知识和技能，这一功能在许多国家得到了承认或（或）下降，特别是在实施过程中，义务教育的这方面功能得到了更多的重视。然而，义务教育的这一功能可能会与将基础教育扩展到包括不同文化的少数民族在内的所有人口的另一功能发生冲突。虽然现在没有一个国家将义务教育的目的定义为保护儿童不受童工剥削，但这并不意味着童工已经完全消除，而是隐藏在所谓灵活实施义务教育的现象中。在我们的调查中，没有发现义务教育制度本身降级或放松管制的证据。相反，我们发现它的坚实基础无论时代和民族如何都不会改变。进而得出义务教育既有核心功能又有辅助功能的结论。虽然核心功能的重要性没有被贬低或降低，但义务教育的外围方面需要改变，以满足快速变化的社会需求。这可能就是为什么我们在同一个国家看到了相同的义务教育改革的矛盾趋势的原因。少