An International Study on the Education Programs for Gifted Children and Curriculum Differentiation

在本项目中，我们对日本以及美国、英国、中华人民共和国、台湾、韩国、新加坡、印度等国家（地区）的资优儿童教育状况和动向进行了全面深入的调查。每个国家（地区）根据其人口规模、教育发展水平等因素，在实施天才儿童计划方面都有各自的传统和独特之处（特别是在中学阶段），以及社会对早期选择儿童的偏好。为了比较讨论的共同框架，我们列出了资优计划的几个方面，如（1）目的与理性（2）资优儿童的界定与认定（3）选拔程序与年龄（4）课程设置（5）班级组织（6）师资培训（7）评价。在所调查的国家（地区）中，我们发现在定义、目标、目标人群、 ...更多信息 遴选程序和程序，而我们同时也看到了一些类似的实施点。在所有情况下，该计划必须有社会共识，选择程序的公平性，减少成本的公共援助，以及辍学儿童的跟踪制度。一些亚洲国家强调寻找未来的顶尖科学家，而另一些国家则需要国家领导人。在西方国家，资优教育对弱势群体，特别是城市地区和少数民族地区的资优儿童给予了更多的关注，在该基金的资助下，我们进行了三次国际访问，以了解这些国家（地区）资优教育的现状和最新数据，并对韩国的学生、教师和行政官员进行了访谈（2004年7月）、英国（2005年7月）和台湾（2005年11月）。我们举行了三次大会，讨论和交流与会者报告中的信息。2004年9月，关西大学教授、《美国的天才教育》一书的作者松村信孝教授应邀为我们做了特别演讲。共有十一位参加者从不同的角度为资优教育的最后报告提交了论文，做出了宝贵的贡献。少

In this project, we conducted a comprehensive and intensive investigation over the situation and trends of education for gifted and talented children in Japan and several foreign countries (regions) such as the United States, the United Kingdom(England), People's Republic of China, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore and India. Each country (region) has each tradition and unique implementation of programs for the children with talent and gifted abilities depending on its population size, educational development (especially in secondary level), and social preference for early selection of children.For a common framework for comparative discussion, we listed several aspects in gifted programs, such as (1)aims and rational (2)definition and identification of gifted children, (3)selection procedure and age, (4)curriculum, (5)class formation, (6)teachers training and (7)evaluation. Throughout the countries (regions) investigated we found wide differences in definitions, aims, target population, … More selection procedure and curriculums while we saw at the same time some similar points in implementation. In all the cases, the program must have social consensus, fairness in selection procedure, public assistance for lessen cost, and follow up systems for dropped out children. Some Asian countries had emphasis on finding future top scientists while others needed national leaders. In the Western countries, a more focus has been put on the disadvantaged gifted children especially in the urban area or in minorities.Under this fund, three international visits were made to have a first hand information on the situation and the latest data of gifted education programs in these countries (regions) and to have interviews to students, teachers, and administrative officers involved in South Korea (July 2004), England (July 2005), and Taiwan (November 2005). We had three general meetings for discussion and exchange of information from the repots of participants. Professor Nobutaka Matsumura, a professor of Kansai University, an author of the ‘Gifted Education in the United States' was invited to give a special speech for us on September 2004. In total eleven participants made precious contribution by submitting papers to the final report on the gifted education from various perspectives. Less