A Study on Shamanism and the Kagura of the Southern Islands of Kyushu through Comparison with Kyushu's Northwestern Islands

通过比较九州西北部沿海岛屿对马岛、伊木岛和后藤岛与鹿儿岛县的越岛岛和久之岛的神乐舞和萨满教传统，我们发现了美子传统的几个相似之处。首先，美子舞蹈的基本形式是常见的，比如从左到右的圆周运动（见于后藤和小岛二世），左手拿着袖子，右手拿着suzu（见于所有岛屿的舞蹈）。其次，在神社的祭典中，在南部岛屿被称为neishi，在对马岛和伊奇被称为ichi或myoubu的miko，以及在久之岛被称为honbooi，在对马岛和伊奇被称为hosa的男祭司一起出现。此外，在miko的等级制度中，有些人具有特殊地位。最后，同样的民间信仰是，miko能够驱逐那些被幽灵（如kiryou）、死人的灵魂（shiryou）或其他邪恶所困扰的人的邪恶灵魂。此外，在一些岛屿上，特别是根据历史记载，对马岛和伊木岛，hosa还进行驱魔和算命。到目前为止，这类研究都是区域性的。然而，很明显，通过这种比较研究的方法，这些传统，如miko和hosa，这里讨论的不仅仅是一个地区的传统。有必要进行更多的相关研究。

By comparing the miko dances of the kagura and the shamanic tradition of the northwestern Kyushu coastal islands of Tsushima, Iki and Goto to Koshiki-jima and Kuchinoshima of Kagoshima Prefecture, several similarities in the miko tradition came to light. First, the basic form of the miko dances such as the circular movement from left to right (seen in Goto and Koshiki-jima) and the holding of the sleeve in the left hand while holding a suzu in the right (seen in all the islands' dances) is common. Second, in the festivals of the shrines, miko, who are called neishi in the southern islands and ichi or myoubu in Tsushima and Iki, and male priests, who are called honbooi in Kuchinoshima and hosa in Tsushinia and Iki, appear together. Moreover, within the hierarchy of the miko, there are those who have a special status. Finally, the same folk belief that a miko is able to drive out the evil spirit in people who are haunted by a wraith (ikiryou), the soul of a dead person (shiryou), or some other evil is observed. Furthermore, on some of the islands, particularly Tsushima and Iki as understood through historical records, the hosa also performed exorcisms and fortune telling. Until now, this kind of research has been carried out regionally. However, it is apparent that through this kind of comparative research method that these kinds of traditions such as the miko and hosa discussed here are more than just one region's tradition. More research interrelating regions is necessary.