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A Study on Shamanism and the Kagura of the Southern Islands of Kyushu through Comparison with Kyushu's Northwestern Islands

九州南部诸岛的萨满教与神乐与九州西北诸岛的比较

基本信息

批准号：
08610318
负责人：
FUKUSHIMA Kunio
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
NAGASAKI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

By comparing the miko dances of the kagura and the shamanic tradition of the northwestern Kyushu coastal islands of Tsushima, Iki and Goto to Koshiki-jima and Kuchinoshima of Kagoshima Prefecture, several similarities in the miko tradition came to light. First, the basic form of the miko dances such as the circular movement from left to right (seen in Goto and Koshiki-jima) and the holding of the sleeve in the left hand while holding a suzu in the right (seen in all the islands' dances) is common. Second, in the festivals of the shrines, miko, who are called neishi in the southern islands and ichi or myoubu in Tsushima and Iki, and male priests, who are called honbooi in Kuchinoshima and hosa in Tsushinia and Iki, appear together. Moreover, within the hierarchy of the miko, there are those who have a special status. Finally, the same folk belief that a miko is able to drive out the evil spirit in people who are haunted by a wraith (ikiryou), the soul of a dead person (shiryou), or some other evil is observed. Furthermore, on some of the islands, particularly Tsushima and Iki as understood through historical records, the hosa also performed exorcisms and fortune telling. Until now, this kind of research has been carried out regionally. However, it is apparent that through this kind of comparative research method that these kinds of traditions such as the miko and hosa discussed here are more than just one region's tradition. More research interrelating regions is necessary.

通过比较神乐的巫女舞蹈和九州西北沿海岛屿对马、伊基和后藤的萨满传统，以及鹿儿岛县的越喜岛和久之岛，巫女传统中的几个相似之处浮出水面。首先，巫女舞蹈的基本形式，如从左到右的圆形运动（见于后藤和越城岛）和左手握袖而右手握铃（见于所有岛屿的舞蹈）是常见的。第二，在神社的节日里，在南部岛屿被称为内氏的巫女，在对马和伊基被称为一或密生，在久之岛被称为本夫伊的男祭司，在对真和伊基被称为保萨的男祭司一起出现。此外，在米科的等级制度中，有些人有特殊的地位。最后，人们还观察到同样的民间信仰，即巫女能够驱逐被幽灵（ikiryou）、死者灵魂（shiryou）或其他邪恶困扰的人体内的恶灵。此外，在一些岛屿上，特别是对马和伊基，根据历史记录，hosa还进行驱魔和算命。到目前为止，这种研究一直在区域范围内进行。然而，通过这种比较研究的方法，我们可以清楚地看到，这里所讨论的诸如米科、保佐等传统，并不仅仅是一个地区的传统。有必要进行更多与区域相关的研究。