The al-Jafr basin and a comparative study of the inland Levantine prehistoric cultures.

本研究项目的目的是：1)建立1995年在约旦东南部al-Jafr盆地收集的材料数据库，主要是碎石制品；2)在内陆干旱区的框架内进行比较研究，重点是对al-Jafr盆地的年代和文化评估。结果如下：1)数据库：建立了一个卡片式数据库，包括图纸和一些照片以及定性/定量描述。2)比较研究：(A)比较研究表明，该藏品包括从旧石器时代中晚期、新石器时代晚期、石器石器时代到青铜时代早期的各种石器。因此，al-Jafr盆地被证明是填补Azraq盆地和Negev-Sinai地区之间的空间空白的一个有希望的候选者--这是比较研究内陆黎凡特史前的障碍。(B)Al-Jafr No.9503是收藏地点中最有趣的地点，它不仅包括表格刮刀，还包括它们的核心和碎屑。因此，该遗址被证明是第一个被证实的巨型平板铲运机工厂遗址，属于胆石时代晚期/青铜时代早期。有鉴于此，该遗址提供了一条线索，可以探索从公元4千年后半期到公元3千年的南黎凡特早期游牧民族和城市社会之间的活力。还需要进一步的调查来

The purpose of this research project was :1) to construct database of the material, mainly chipped stone artifacts, collected in the al-Jafr basin, southeastern Jordan, in 1995 ;2) to make a comparative study within the framework of the inland Levantine arid regions, focusing on the chronological and cultural assessment of the al-Jafr basin.The results was as follows :1) Database : A card-type database including drawings and some photos as well as qualitative/quantitative descriptions was constructed.2) Comparative studies :(a) The comparative studies suggested that the collection included the wide range of stone implements from Middle-Upper Paleolithic, late Neolithic, Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age. Hence the al-Jafr basin turned out to be a promising candidate to fill the spatial hiatus between the Azraq basin and the Negev-Sinai regions -an obstacle to comparative studies of the inland Levantine prehistory.(b) Al-Jafr No.9503, the most interesting site among the spots of the collection, included not only tabular scrapers but also their cores and debitage. Hence the site turned out to be the first-confirmed mega-factory site of tabular scrapers, belonging to the late Chalcolithic/Early Bronze Age. Given this, the site provides a clue to exploring the dynamism between early nomads and urban society of the southern Levant from the late half of the 4th millennium to the 3rd millennium. Further investigations are needed to