A Study of the Facade-side Cairn Burial A Key to the Pastoral Nomadizalion in the Near East

立面石冢墓葬研究是近东田园游牧化的关键

• 批准号: 16401015
• 负责人: FUJII Sumio
• 金额: $ 8.73万
• 依托单位: Kanazawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16401015/
• 关键词: Pastoral Nomads; Jordan; Neolithic; Facade-side Cairn Buria; Wadi Abu Tulavha; ワディ・アブ・トレイハ; 新石器時代; 考古学; ヨルダン; ジャフル盆地; ジャバル・ジュハイラ; 初期遊牧民

It is commonly argued that the process of the pastoral nomadization in the Near Fast is difficult to trace because of the low archaeological visibility of early pastoral nomads with high mobility. This project was intended to trace this epoch-making episode from the viewpoint of the techno-typological shift in burial practice, the only visible aspect of early pastoral nomads. For this purpose, two archaeological sites in the Jafr Basin in southern Jordan were excavated. The excavations showed that 1) the PPNB transhumants conducted the facade-side cairn burial, as evidenced at an agro-pastoral outpost of Wadi Abu Tulayha ; 2) this unique burial practice was inherited, though subject to minor techno-typological modification, to the pseudo-house caim burial at Harrat al-Juhayra, a PPNC cemetery of early pastoral nomads ; and 3) it was further descended to Qa' Abu Tulayha West, al. a Late Neolithic cemetery again in the Jafr Basin.These perspectives enabled us to trace the pastoral nomadization in the Jafr Basin through the techno-typological transformation in burial practice in a specific way. Of significance is the fact that there seems to be no remarkable gaps between the series of transformation. Given this it follows that the pastoral nomadization in the basin took place taking the opportunity of the incipient infiltration as transhumants, an important suggestion that the pastoral nomadism originated in the sedentary fanning society to the west.

人们普遍认为，近斋期的游牧过程难以追溯，因为早期游牧民族的考古可见度较低，流动性高。该项目旨在从埋葬实践的技术类型转变的角度追溯这一划时代的事件，这是早期游牧民族唯一可见的方面。为此目的，在约旦南部的Jafr盆地挖掘了两个考古遗址。发掘结果表明：1)在Wadi Abu Tulayha农牧前哨，PPNB游牧民族进行正面石冢埋葬；2)这种独特的埋葬方式被继承了下来，尽管在技术类型学上进行了轻微的修改，但在Harrat al-Juhayra（一个早期游牧民族的PPNC墓地）的伪房屋墓葬中；3)它进一步下降到Qa' Abu Tulayha West，同样是Jafr盆地的新石器时代晚期墓地。这些视角使我们能够以一种特定的方式通过埋葬实践中的技术类型学转变来追溯Jafr盆地的游牧化。值得注意的是，这一系列转变之间似乎没有明显的差距。由此可以推断，流域内的游牧活动是利用超人类早期渗透的机会发生的，这是一个重要的线索，表明游牧活动起源于西部定居的农耕社会。

项目成果

PPNB Barrage Systems at Wadi Abu Tulayha and Wadi Ruweishid as- Sharqi : A Preliminary Report of the 2006 Spring Excavation Season of the Jafr Basin Prehistoric Project, Phase 2.

PPNB 拦河坝系统在 Wadi Abu Tulayha 和 Wadi Ruweishid as-Sharqi：Jafr 盆地史前项目 2006 年春季挖掘季第二阶段的初步报告。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 51(in print)
• 作者: Fujii;S.
• 通讯作者: S.

Wadi Abu Tulayha: A Preliminary Report of the 2005 Spring and Summer Excavation Seasons of the Jafr Basin Prehistoric Project, Phase 2.

Wadi Abu Tulayha：Jafr 盆地史前项目第二阶段 2005 年春季和夏季挖掘季节的初步报告。

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 50
• 作者: Fujii;S.
• 通讯作者: S.

Harra al-Juhayra Pseudo-Settlement : A Preliminary Report of the Jafr Basin Prehistoric Project, 2004.

Harra al-Juhayra 伪定居点：Jafr 盆地史前项目的初步报告，2004 年。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 48
• 作者: Fujii;S.
• 通讯作者: S.

Wadi Abu Tulayha : A Brief Report of the 2005 Summer Excavation Season

Wadi Abu Tulayha：2005 年夏季挖掘季节的简要报告

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Munjazat (印刷中)
• 作者: Fujii;S.
• 通讯作者: S.

新石器時代ヨルダンの移牧春営地:ワディ・アブ・トレイハの第5次調査(2007).

新石器时代约旦的游牧春季营地：对阿布特雷哈干河的第五次调查（2007 年）。

• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: 第15回西アジア発掘調査報告会報告集 15
• 作者: 潮海久雄;潮海久雄;潮海久雄;Hisao Shiomi;Hisao Shiomi;Hisao Shiomi;Hisao Shiomi;潮海 久雄;Shiomi Hisao;潮海 久雄;潮海久雄;潮海久雄;Hisao Shiomi;Hisao Shiomi;潮海 久雄;潮海 久雄;Hisao Shiomi;潮海久雄;Hisao Shiomi;潮海 久雄;藤井純夫
• 通讯作者: 藤井純夫